Understanding Immunity and Immune System Functions
a) Immunity is the state of resistance or protection of the organism to an infection caused by a particular antigen. The immune system is a complex network of cells and proteins that defends the body against infection. When talking about the organisms that take part in this system there are many.
Regarding the organs, they are divided into primary lymphoid organs and secondary lymphoid organs. Those included in primary lymphoid organs are the bone marrow and thymus. Indeed, cells of the immune system
Read MoreHomeostasis, Response, and Regulation in Living Organisms
Homeostasis
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment to ensure optimum conditions for enzyme and cellular function. It controls body temperature, blood sugar concentration, water levels, etc. Nervous and hormonal communication is involved in the automatic control system. All control systems have receptors (cells that detect stimuli), coordination centers (to process information), and effectors (the thing that brings about the response – muscle or gland).
Human Nervous System
Normal
Read MoreUnderstanding Human Circulation and Excretory Systems
Arteries
They take the blood from the heart and carry it towards other organs. They have thick elastic walls with smooth muscle tissue, to resist the high pressure of the heart pumping and control its diameter and capacity. As they branch into thinner vessels, they’re called arterioles.
Blood Plasma
Water with minerals, proteins, and a lot of other dissolved substances (nutrients, wastes, hormones…). About 55% of blood.
- Erythrocytes (red blood cells): shaped as biconcave disks without a nucleus, they
Plant Reproduction and Growth: Phloem, Xylem, and Tropisms
Phloem
The phloem moves food substances that the plant has produced by photosynthesis to where they are needed for processes such as:
- Growing parts of the plant for immediate use
- Storage organs such as bulbs and tubers
- Developing seeds
Asexual reproduction generates offspring that are genetically identical to a single parent.
Step 1: After pollen has landed on the stigma, it goes a pollen tube down through the style to the ovary.
Step 2: The nucleus of the pollen grain travels down the pollen tube and
CRISPR-CAS9: Revolutionizing Gene Editing for Humanity
Introduction
Attention Getter: What if I told you, you could all become superhumans. How would this be possible? A spider bite maybe? Nope. Through the potential of CRISPR-CAS9.
Relevance: CRISPR-CAS9 is a revolutionary biotechnology that has multiple implications for humanity.
Thesis: Because this new biotechnology could affect our lives drastically, it is important to at least have an understanding of it and what it could do.
Credibility: I am credible to talk about this because I am well-researched
Read MoreApplications and Techniques of Plasmids and Gene Mapping
Properties of Plasmids:
Plasmids have a wide range of applications in various fields, including medicine, biotechnology, agriculture, and environmental science. Here are some of the major applications of plasmids:
- Gene cloning and expression: Plasmids are widely used in gene cloning and expression. They can be used to clone genes of interest and express them in host cells.
- Bioremediation: Plasmids are used in bioremediation, which is the process of using microorganisms to degrade or remove pollutants