Understanding Wound Healing: A Cellular and Molecular Perspective

Posted by on Aug 23, 2024 in Biology | Comments Off on Understanding Wound Healing: A Cellular and Molecular Perspective

Wound Healing

Clotting, Scarring, and Re-establishment of Function in Complex Tissues

Four Stages of Wound Healing

  • HOMEOSTASIS (within minutes)

    Stops the loss of blood and sets the stage for repair.

    • Spilled blood and the fibrous clot
      • Blood vessels become sticky.
      • Sticky platelets flow to the area of the wound due to blood vessel damage.
        • Platelet: Stem cell population, a piece of a megakaryocyte filled with vesicles for secreting growth factors (regulated secretion: makes a vesicle, but it sits there waiting
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A Comprehensive Guide to Tongue Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Posted by on Aug 23, 2024 in Biology | Comments Off on A Comprehensive Guide to Tongue Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Classification of Tongue Disorders

Major Inherited, Congenital & Developmental Abnormalities

  • Cleft, Lobed, Bifurcated, Tetrafurcated
  • Aglossia (Hypoglossia)
  • Macroglossia

Disorders of the Lingual Mucosa

  • Changes in the Tongue Papilla
  • Nonkeratotic and Keratotic White Lesions
  • Depapilation and Atrophic Lesions
  • Tertiary Syphilis and Interstitial Glossitis
  • Pigmentation

Diseases Affecting the Body of the Tongue

  • Infections
  • Amyloidosis
  • Neuromuscular Disorders
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Disorders
  • TMJ Myofunctional Dysfunction

Malignant

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A Comprehensive Guide to Tongue Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Posted by on Aug 23, 2024 in Biology | Comments Off on A Comprehensive Guide to Tongue Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Classification of Tongue Disorders

Major Inherited, Congenital & Developmental Abnormalities

  • Cleft, Lobed, Bifurcated, Tetrafurcated
  • Aglossia (Hypoglossia)
  • Macroglossia

Disorders of the Lingual Mucosa

  • Changes in the Tongue Papilla
  • Nonkeratotic and Keratotic White Lesions
  • Depapilation and Atrophic Lesions
  • Tertiary Syphilis and Interstitial Glossitis
  • Pigmentation

Diseases Affecting the Body of the Tongue

  • Infections
  • Amyloidosis
  • Neuromuscular Disorders
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Disorders
  • TMJ Myofunctional Dysfunction

Malignant

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Comprehensive Guide to Evolution and Biological Classification

Posted by on Aug 23, 2024 in Biology | Comments Off on Comprehensive Guide to Evolution and Biological Classification

Biological Classification and Evolution

Terms

  1. Phylogeny: Evolutionary history and relationships (e.g., domains)

  2. Phylogenetic Tree/Cladogram: Diagram reconstructing history based on morphology/physical behavior

  3. Heterotrophic: Consumers (cannot produce their own food)

  4. Autotrophic: Producers (can produce their own food – e.g., photosynthesis in plants)

  5. Cephalization: Cluster/concentration of sensory organs (e.g., brain, nerves)

Binomial Nomenclature

Developed by Carl Linnaeus, binomial nomenclature uses genus

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Evolution and Classification of Life

Posted by on Aug 23, 2024 in Biology | Comments Off on Evolution and Classification of Life

Terms

  1. Phylogeny: Evolutionary history and relationships (e.g., domains)

  2. Phylogenetic Tree/Cladogram: Diagram reconstructing history based on morphology/physical behavior

  3. Heterotrophic: Consumers (cannot produce their own food)

  4. Autotrophic: Producers (can produce their own food – e.g., photosynthesis in plants)

  5. Cephalization: Cluster/concentration of sensory organs (e.g., brain, nerves)


Carl Linnaeus

  • Binomial nomenclature: Uses genus and species names to name the organism (e.g., Homo sapiens, Escherichia

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Viral Structure and Replication

Posted by on Aug 23, 2024 in Biology | Comments Off on Viral Structure and Replication

1. Viral Structure

Hepadnaviruses

Enveloped

Virus Particle: Contains ds/ssDNA, unusual

Covering-Capsid: Protein coat surrounded by capsomers.

Envelope: (Not found in all viruses).

Central Core – Nucleic Acid Molecules: (DNA or RNA) Double/single strand DNA/RNA, every viron has it.

Matrix Proteins: Enzymes not found in all viruses.

HepB

  • Break in skin/blood, STD
  • Flu-like symptoms, jaundice

2 Shapes

  • Helical
  • Icosahedral

Non-Enveloped Viruses

Adenoviruses/Papillomaviruses/Polyomaviruses/Parvoviruses

Adeno

  • Infect lymphoid
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