Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis: Key Concepts
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Key Questions and Answers
Photosystem 1
What is produced in Photosystem 1?
P700
Photosystem 2
What is produced in Photosystem 2?
P680
Light Reaction
Photosystem I & II are part of what reaction?
Light reaction
ATP Production
In animal cells, what organelle produces ATP?
Mitochondria
Glycolysis
Where does glycolysis occur?
Cellular respiration – cytoplasm of the cell
Energy Source for Photosynthesis
What is the energy source for photosynthesis?
The Sun
Calvin Cycle
How would
Read MoreCellular Structures and Functions: A Detailed Look
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are either free in the cytosol or bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), the external nuclear membrane, and inside chloroplasts and mitochondria. They are formed by two subunits: the small subunit and the large subunit. Ribosomes have two active sites:
- P (peptidyl) site: Where the first aminoacyl-tRNA carrying the first methionine codon is placed.
- A (aminoacyl) site: Where the second codon is placed.
Ribosomes synthesize proteins.
Peroxisome
Peroxisomes are located near the
Read MorePlant and Animal Biology: Key Concepts and Evolution
Key Concepts in Plant Biology
Angiosperms, or flowering plants, are different from all other plants because only they have flowers.
In plants and algae, a haploid cell that can develop into a multicellular individual without fusing with another cell is called a spore.
The eggs of seed plants are fertilized within ovules, and the ovules then develop into seeds.
Gametophyte is to sporophyte and production of reproductive cells called gametes as haploid is to diploid and reproductive cells called spores.
Read MoreBacterial Physiology, Microbes, and Infectious Diseases
Bacterial Physiology
Cytoplasm and ribosomes are also included. Protein synthesis and bacterial DNA is a double-stranded circular structure, usually attached to the mesosome. Additionally, there may be one or several small DNA molecules called plasmids. Flagella allow for localization.
Nutrition
Autotrophs: They produce organic matter from inorganic matter and energy captured from the environment.
- Photolithotrophs: Capture light energy.
- Chemolithotrophs: Use the chemical energy of oxidation of inorganic
Animal Circulatory and Respiratory Systems: A Detailed Look
Animal Transport of Nutrients
In less complex animals, such as Porifera, coelenterates, and some flatworms, there is no circulatory system. Nutrients are transported from one cell to another by diffusion or active transport. In complex animals, a circulatory system exists and consists of: transport fluid, blood vessels, and the heart.
- Transport Fluid: It is considered a connective tissue composed of water, minerals, proteins, cells, and various pigments. There are several types of fluids:
- Hydrolinfa:
Understanding Health Determinants, Tissues, and Anatomy
Determinants of Health
- Human Biology: Birth, death, health, and diseases.
- Environment: Physical and social environment.
- Physical: Airports, factories, fields, etc.
- Social: Hard work, leisure, etc.
- Lifestyle: A significant factor in health development.
- Health Care: Has the least impact on health but incurs higher costs.
The quality of life is defined as each person’s perception of their position in life within the cultural context and value system in which they live, concerning their goals, standards, and
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