Understanding the Human Respiratory System: Anatomy and Function
Understanding the Human Respiratory System
The respiratory system is a set of organs responsible for the entry and exit of air into our body. Air enters through the nostrils, which connect to the nasal passages. Air can also enter through the mouth, passing through the pharynx and into the esophagus. The first section of the esophagus is the larynx, formed by a series of cartilages. Next, air enters a rigid tube called the trachea, which eventually divides into two branches called bronchi. Each bronchus
Read MoreWorkplace Hazards: Identifying and Mitigating Risks
Workplace Hazards
1. Defining Occupational Hazards
An occupational hazard is the possibility of a worker suffering an injury due to conditions inherent in their job.
A hazard is considered serious and imminent when it is reasonably likely to occur in the immediate future and poses a significant threat to worker health.
2. Working Conditions and Safety
Safe working conditions encompass:
- General characteristics of premises and facilities.
- Work equipment: machinery, tools, products, and workplace tools.
- Environmental
Cellular Biology: Key Processes and Structures
1 – Link 2 amino acids that binds: peptide bond (Figure 1). 2 – Formula cyclic glucose (Figure 2). 3 – DNA functions: it stores info. genetics, transmitter info. genetics, synthesis of specific proteins. 4 – Dendrite: elongation of the soma, many and complex branching, receive signals from other; Chondrocytes: cells in hollow cartilaginous gaps between the sust. intercellular fibers produce cartilage; Myelin: outer layer of cells lining Schwam, not isolate the nerve impulse across the cell lines
Read MoreUnderstanding the Human Eye and Nervous System
Adnexia:
Lacrimal glands produce a slightly salty watery fluid that is responsible for keeping the eyeball moist. They contain lysozyme, an enzyme responsible for destroying certain bacterial agents.
Eyelids
Eyelids prevent the entry of foreign agents to the eye, such as dust and sweat. They are responsible for distributing tears all over the eyeball by blinking.
Muscles of the Eye
Muscles in the eye are responsible for moving the eyeballs up and down, left and right, and rotating them.
Eyeball:
- Sclera:
Anatomy and Physiology: Key Terms and Definitions
Regions of the Diencephalon
Located atop the brain stem and enclosed by the cerebral hemispheres, the diencephalon has three main parts:
- Thalamus: Relay station for sensory impulses.
- Hypothalamus: Regulates body temperature, controls water balance, regulates metabolism, and contains the limbic center.
- Epithalamus: Houses the pineal body.
Schwann Cells
These cells form a myelin sheath and provide support.
Brain Stem
Consisting of the pons and medulla oblongata, the brain stem is attached to the spinal cord
Read MoreArteries, Veins, Capillaries, and the Circulatory System
Arteries, Veins, and Capillaries
Arteries: Blood vessels through which blood flows, leaving the heart and distributing throughout the body. They are highly elastic and have three layers: tunica externa (connective tissue), internal layer (fine epithelial cells), and tunica media (smooth muscle fibers and elastic fibers).
Veins: Blood vessels where blood circulates from the capillaries towards the heart. Semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood.
Capillaries: Blood vessels between veins and arteries.
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