Catalan Literature: From Medieval Times to the 20th Century

Linguistic Foundations

Vowel System: 8 sounds. According to Toni, unstressed vowels are mentioned and neutralization occurs. Reduced vowels. Jaw: A diphthong grows. Umlaut: Pronounced for the sake of those who break and diphthongize. Open or closed and stressed. Then open: Ring diphthongs. Growing: Those who use ‘qua’ or ‘quo’ and /u/ between vowels and word, transcribe it like /j/ or /w/. Cases of non-neutralization: Adverbs ending in ‘-ment’, groups ‘ae’ or ‘ea’, and compound words.

Narrative Structures

Linear

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Villa Savoye: Le Corbusier’s Modernist Masterpiece

Villa Savoye: Le Corbusier’s Architectural Revolution

Contextualization

Throughout the early 20th century, an architectural revolution took place. This revolution reflected the new economic conditions created by the Industrial Revolution. This renewal of modern architecture is linked to two styles: Rationalism and Organicism.

Identification of Villa Savoye

The Villa Savoye is a significant work of the 20th century by Le Corbusier. It is a family home located in a natural setting near Paris, built between

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Evolution of Visual Arts: Renaissance to Contemporary

Visual arts have undergone profound transformations from the 14th to the 21st century, reflecting cultural, social, technological, and philosophical changes across epochs. This essay highlights the evolution of artistic expression over this extensive period, highlighting significant movements, innovations, and the enduring relationship between art and society.

The Renaissance (14th to 17th Centuries)

Key Characteristics:

  • Revival of classical ideals.
  • Emphasis on humanism, realism, and perspective.
  • Technical
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Fungi: Characteristics, Classification, and Uses

Order of Characters for Identification in Fungi

The following characteristics are used to identify fungi:

  • Gross appearance of the colony
  • Type of hyphae
  • Placement of sporophores
  • Presence of sterigmata (sporangiophore or conidiophore) and their order
  • Shape, size, and distribution of spores
  • Presence or absence of rhizoids. Occur only in non-septate fungal hyphae. For example: Rhizopus, Rhizomucor, Absidia
  • Practice biochemical identification tests.

Fungi have been treated as vegetables since ancient times, due

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Baroque Art: Painting and Sculpture in the 17th Century

Baroque Painting

Baroque painting is the style of painting associated with the Baroque cultural movement. Painting assumed a prominent role in artistic expression, becoming the most characteristic expression of the weight of religion in Catholic countries and the bourgeois taste in Protestant countries. The best and most important painting during the period beginning around 1600 and continuing throughout the 17th century and into the early 18th century is identified today as Baroque. Baroque art

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Public Opinion, Media Effects, and Political Communication

Types of Publics

General public: Linked to public opinion, assumes that everyone is part of that entity.

Voting public: The electorate is the public that expresses its opinion on public affairs by voting for a candidate.

Attentive public: Made up of informed people who follow media.

Active public: Made up of people whose commitment to public affairs leads them to participate in both organizations and political parties.

Perspectives

  • Collective (sociological model): Opinion is understood as a supra-individual
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