Understanding the Listening Process and Skills
What is Listening?
Let’s look at listening as an interactive process!
Process of Listening
According to Clark & Clark (1977):
- Hearer processes the “raw/pure speech” (the actual phrases, clauses, etc.).
- Hearer determines the type of speech (conversation, speech, etc.).
- Hearer infers the objectives of the speaker (to persuade, request, etc.).
- Hearer recalls schemata (own background knowledge).
- Hearer assigns literal meaning to utterance.
- Hearer assigns intended meaning to utterance.
- Hearer determines
Europe in the 18th Century: Society & Politics
Primary Sector in the 18th Century
In the eighteenth century, most of the population worked in agriculture. In general, it was subsistence production on unproductive dry lands, and most of the land was devoted to growing cereals, which were the staple diet, but products for trade were also grown.
Land Ownership and Privilege
Land ownership was fundamentally in the hands of the clearly privileged.
The land of the nobility was never divided because of primogeniture, a law requiring all property to be
Read MoreUnderstanding Sound and Digital Audio Technologies
Sound is a vibrational phenomenon transmitted in the form of waves propagating in a determined elastic medium (commonly the air or the water). When the vibrations are produced arbitrarily, without any rhythmic sequencing, we are talking about noise.
Digital sound is the digital codification of an electric signal that represents a sound wave. It consists of a sequence of binary numbers and is derived from the digital sampling and quantification of the analogue signal that subsequently can be codified
Read MoreAnatomy of Pelvis, Lower Limb Bones, and Muscles
Pelvic Girdle Anatomy
Bones of the Pelvic Girdle
The pelvic girdle bones are the innominate (or iliac) bones, the sacrum, and the coccyx.
Pelvic Girdle Joints
The joint connecting the two pelvic bones is called the symphysis pubis.
Features of the Ilium
The iliac or innominate bone is formed from the fusion of three bones: the ilium, pubis, and ischium.
Iliac Crest Function
The iliac crest serves as an insertion point for the abdominal muscles.
Lower Limb Bone Anatomy
The Femur
Femur Articulations
The femoral
Read MoreKey Events: WWI and the Great Depression
World War I (1914-1918)
Causes and Tensions
Armed Peace and the Arms Race
The tension between different countries led to an arms race, beginning around 1890 and escalating until 1914.
The Balkans Situation
There were clashes in the Balkans as the Ottoman Empire declined. Austria-Hungary sought influence, and Russia also aimed to expand its interests in the region.
Major Alliances
- Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
- Triple Entente: France, Russia, and the United Kingdom
Key Military Aspects
Early
Read MoreSermon Types and Preaching Methods Q&A
Sermon Types
Give another name for:
- Topic: Is another name for subject or theme.
- Text: A passage of scripture.
Give 3 characteristics of a topical sermon:
- The text should not be longer than 4 verses.
- Main point may come from the text or topic.
- The problem and solution steps come from one text and its context.
Define a textual sermon:
[Answer goes here]
Define an expository sermon:
[Answer goes here]
Discovering the Text’s Topic
How can you discover the topic of a text?
By:
- First identifying the paragraphs and
Material Mechanical Property Testing
Shock Testing
Shock trials distort the fragility or ability of a material to absorb instantaneous loads. They check if a machine or structure fails or becomes brittle under working conditions.
Charpy Methods
Flexion by shock on simply supported bars. The specimens are placed flat on the machine with the notch opposite to the impact point.
Izod Methods
Flexion by shock on an embedded bar. The cantilever specimen is placed in a vertical position with the notch facing the impact.
Fatigue Testing
Fatigue is
Read MoreComplementos del Nombre y Relativos en Gramática Española
Complementos del Nombre en Gramática Española
Los complementos del nombre (CN) son adyacentes que se caracterizan por tener significado y función sintáctica plena, la de complementar al núcleo nominal. Pueden aparecer antes o después del núcleo sustantivo.
En castellano, el sustantivo puede tener, entre otras, las siguientes estructuras complementarias:
Sustantivo + Adjetivo o Adjetivo + Sustantivo
Ejemplos: la casa bonita / una bonita casa. El adjetivo concuerda en género y número con el sustantivo
Historical Transformations: Liberalism, Crises, and Global Change
Liberalism Defined
Liberalism is a philosophy or set of ideas that defends the basic principles of individual liberty.
Impact of WWI and the 1929 Crisis
The First World War and the crisis of 1929 caused the collapse of the liberal model of government and led to the development of new forms of crisis management. The crisis brought down international prices of raw materials, decreased production, and increased prices of imported products. It meant the breakdown of U.S. stocks (where papers of the most
Read MoreFundamentals of Television Signals
Differences: Interlaced vs Non-Interlaced Scan
Interlaced: The lines of the image are displayed on the screen by interleaving pairs on one side and odd on the other side.
Non-Interlaced: The lines are all displayed in order.
Differences Between Lines, Field, and Image
The image is divided into horizontal lines; each of these horizontal lines consists of points.
Why a Field Has 312.5 TV Lines
This is explained for several reasons. The first is that each field appears in the middle of the first line and
Read More