Essential English for Architecture & Career Success

Part 1: Professional & Personal English Vocabulary

Adjectives for Personal & Professional Traits

  • ActiveActivo
  • Computer SavvyExperto en (ordenadores)
  • DiscreetDiscreto
  • HonestHonesto
  • Passionate AboutApasionado de
  • Self-ConfidentCon confianza en sí mismo
  • AdaptableFlexible
  • Conscientious, Thorough, MethodicalMeticuloso
  • DynamicDinámico
  • IndependentIndependiente
  • InnovativeInnovador
  • PersistentPersistente
  • TenaciousTenaz, Firme
  • Analytical, Analytic
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Evolution of Scientific Thought: From Ancient Greece to Modern Mechanics

Greco-Medieval Scientific Thought

This period begins when Greek thinkers moved away from mythological explanations. We must remember that myths were fantastic tales in which the protagonists were gods (in human form) or heroes. These stories purported to explain natural phenomena and, occasionally, social customs. For example, wind was attributed to the action of the god Aeolus.

From the 6th century BCE, the Greeks began to suspect that everything happening in reality could not be the result of the

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Rocks in Construction: Properties, Types, and Applications

Rocks: Properties, Types, and Construction Uses

Natural materials extracted from rock masses are fundamental to various construction applications. This document examines their key properties, classifications, and practical uses.

Material Properties and Testing

  • Specimen Testing: Used to determine essential properties such as density, tensile strength, moisture content, and porosity.
  • Granular Sample Testing: Conducted to ascertain particle size distribution, density, moisture content, and abrasion resistance.
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Essential English Grammar: Conditionals & Verb Forms

English Conditional Sentences

Conditional sentences are used to talk about hypothetical situations and their consequences.

First Conditional

Used to talk about likely events in the future if something happens.

  • If I pass Cambridge First, I’ll have a big party!
  • If you don’t stop talking, I’ll send you to the head teacher.

Formula: (If + present tense + future tense will)

Second Conditional

Used to talk about unlikely or impossible situations.

  • If I won the lottery, I’d give all the money to Oxfam.
  • People might
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18th Century Spanish Literature: Key Authors and Characteristics

Spanish Literature in the 18th Century: Characteristics and Authors

The Age of Enlightenment and Its Principles

The 18th century is often called the Age of Enlightenment. This designation reflects the supreme value of reason proclaimed by the thinkers and scientists of the time. The scientific and philosophical movement forged from this rationalist view of history and reality is known as the Enlightenment. Enlightenment thought was based on a set of principles coined and advocated by a minority of

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Marketing Foundations: Definitions, Strategies, and Consumer Insights

Defining Customer Value

Value is defined as the relationship of benefits to costs, representing what the consumer gets for what they give.

The 4 P’s of Marketing Mix

Define each of the 4 P’s of marketing (the marketing mix) and provide an example of each:

  • Product: Creating value (goods vs. services). Example: A smartphone (good) or a haircut (service).
  • Price: Capturing value (money, time, and energy). Example: Setting a competitive price for a new software subscription.
  • Place: Delivering the value proposition.
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Essential Demographic and Urban Geography Definitions

Settlement

An area where people live.

Population

A group of people inhabiting a given site.

Census

The official count of people in a place at a particular time.

Municipal Census

The official count of people within a municipality.

Legal Population (Población de Derecho)

People living in a municipality, both present and absent, at the time of the census.

De Facto Population (Población de Hecho)

The sum of residents and passersby in a municipality at the time of the census.

Population Dynamics

Indicates how a

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Cultural Tourism: Motivations, Benefits, and Authenticity

A visit to a cultural property is primarily driven by two key motivations:

  • Education: Educational visits, often linked to formal schooling.
  • Leisure: Visits undertaken for enjoyment, often categorized as cultural tourism.

Understanding Cultural Tourism

Defining Tourism

Tourism is defined as traveling to and staying in places outside one’s usual environment temporarily for leisure.

Key Aspects of Tourism

  • Temporary: Implies a return to one’s usual environment.
  • Leisure: Involves discretionary time and financial
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Understanding Electrical Concepts: Current, Voltage, Resistance, and Power

Understanding Electrical Concepts

Intensity (I)

Intensity, or electric current, is defined as the amount of electrical charge (electrons) flowing through a conductor per unit of time. Its unit is the ampere (A), and the apparatus used to measure it is called an ammeter.

Voltage (V)

Voltage represents the potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit. It is measured in volts (V), and its measuring instrument is a voltmeter.

Resistance (R)

Electrical resistance is defined as the opposition

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Financial Fundamentals: Assets, Statements, and Investment Appraisal

Key Financial Definitions

Current Assets

Assets that can be turned into cash within one operating cycle.

Non-Current Assets

Assets that cannot be liquidated quickly.

Company Creation & Financing

To establish a company, it’s essential to determine the required amount of assets and the necessary sources of long-term financing.

Operating Cycle

The process of converting investment in inventory (stocks) back into cash.

Average Period

The duration of the operating cycle; the time it takes for a firm to convert

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