Business Ethics and Corporate Responsibility
Cardinal Duties
These are rules of right behaviour that help protect the company, its people, and its reputation.
- Obedience: Follow the law and company rules. If your boss tells you to break the law, you must follow the law first; they can be personally responsible. Laws always come first (if illegal, don’t do it).
- Loyalty: Always act in the company’s best interest, not your own. Avoid conflicts of interest, don’t use company secrets or resources for personal gain. Don’t take business opportunities
Developmental Psychology Concepts and Theories
Core Debates and Theories
Three Core Debates in Developmental Psychology
- Nature vs. Nurture: The debate about whether development is primarily influenced by nature or nurture. Nature refers to an organism’s biology and genetics. Nurture refers to its environmental experiences and influences.
- Stability-Change Issue: The debate about the degree to which early personality traits and characteristics persist through life or change. Does the individual (a) become an older version of the early self, with
Understanding Unaccompanied Minors in the Juvenile Justice System
Unaccompanied Minors in the Juvenile Justice System
When children, whether Spanish or foreign, enter the juvenile justice system for having committed a crime, the judge may impose measures based not only on the type of crime committed but also on personal, family, and social factors. Recently, both the number of measures and the number of them imposed have increased. This is consistent with the expansion of material and human resources for the implementation of these measures across the country.
Read MoreConstitutional Court: Structure, Powers, and Rulings
The Constitutional Court
Constitutional Justice: General Approach
- Constitutional jurisdiction is defined as the system that seeks to decide fairly, in accordance with fundamental law, through established procedures and special bodies, the enforcement, supervision, and application of constitutional legal norms.
- The origin of the Constitutional Court is often traced to the United States.
- In Europe, Kelsen’s theory is based on the idea of the legislative pyramid, under which the legal system is a coordinated
Spanish Literary Movements and Poets
Modernism in Spanish Literature
Modernism: An art movement that led to a renewal in the musical aspects of lyrical language and ornamentals. Rubén Darío (1867-1916) is considered a precursor. Notable phonetic contrasts and colorful, plastic meanings of words are used, often as symbols and pictures (e.g., the abandoned garden, fall). Synesthesia is often used. It is considered a minor art.
Antonio Machado
Machado: Does not use many literary resources but expresses feelings very well. Solitudes (1903)
Read MoreUnion Representation in Spanish Companies
Enterprise Union Sections
Applicable Rules
A dual channel of representation exists. According to Article 8 of the LOLS (Organic Law on Trade Union Freedom), there is unitary representation (works council or staff representatives) and union representation (trade union branches).
Constitution
No specific prerequisites are set; constitution is usually defined by the union’s statutes. Only workers can be union members, not the union itself. Membership does not affect the number of representatives or members
Read MoreKey Concepts in Sociology: Bourdieu, Weber, Durkheim, Williams
Bourdieu’s Sociology of Science
For Bourdieu, scientific truth is located between the “epistemological binomial” formed by logicism (with its tendency toward objectivism and the propositional) on one side, and historicism (with its relativistic and skeptical tendency) on the other. The sociological critique of science thus presents itself as an overcoming of this “scholarly tradition” (what we might call the traditional propositional logic of science). This tradition tends to view science and scientific
Read MoreBasic Economics Concepts Explained
What is Economics?
The science of how people, firms, and societies make choices under scarcity of resources to satisfy the greatest number of unlimited wants.
- Scarcity: When there is not enough of a resource available to satisfy all the potential ways in which people want to use it.
- Feasible: Possible to do easily or conveniently.
- Tradeoff: A compromise; giving up one thing to get another.
First Principle: Incentives
Incentives are opportunities to make oneself better off. They don’t always work as intended.
Read MoreThe Renaissance Period: History and Key Aspects
Renaissance Period (1485-1600)
It literally means rebirth and it specifically refers to the rebirth of learning that began in Italy in the 14th century, spread to the North by the 16th century, and ended in the North in the mid-17th century. In Italy, it ended earlier.
During this time, there was a revival of classical models, and this period can be seen as the transition from the Middle Ages to modern times. It’s called the Age of Shakespeare or the Elizabethan era in England.
Periods of the Renaissance
The
Read MoreJoaquín Costa on Spain’s Restoration Politics
Joaquín Costa’s Critique of Restoration Spain
This text is an excerpt from the book Oligarchy and Despotism, Agrarian Collectivism and Other Writings by Joaquín Costa. Joaquín Costa, the author, was a prominent member of a school of thought from the early twentieth century called Regenerationism, which challenged the political system of the Restoration and sought “a regeneration of Spain.” Costa was also a leading politician, historian, and jurist from Aragon. One of his favorite slogans was “
Read More