Organizational Behavior Essentials: Trust, Justice, Teams, Culture, Influence
1. Trust, Justice, and Ethics in Organizations
Trust: Building Positive Workplace Relationships
Trust is the willingness to be vulnerable to a trustee based on positive expectations. It is crucial for effective workplace functioning.
Types of Trust:
- Disposition-based Trust: Rooted in an individual’s personality, reflecting a general propensity to trust others.
- Cognition-based Trust: Developed through rational assessment of a trustee’s:
- Ability: Competence and skills in a particular area.
- Benevolence: Belief
Roman Law Evolution: From Republic to Empire
Foundations of Roman Law
- Many principles, such as “dura lex, sed lex” (the law is harsh, but it is the law), were not clearly defined for security, even in equity, leading to limitations.
- Where an archaic national right was needed abroad, the paterfamilias played a crucial role.
- Legal acts were presented openly, modern in their approach, with no secrets.
The Roman Empire: Phases of Governance
The Principate: First Imperial Phase
- The Principate began with Octavian, later named Augustus.
- Augustus had been
Baroque Masterpieces: Architecture and Sculpture in Italy and Spain
Italian Baroque Architecture
Born in Rome around the papal court, Italian Baroque architecture emerged with key patrons like Pope Sixtus V and Pope Paul V. They viewed art as a powerful tool for the indoctrination of the faithful in the Roman capital, leading to a complete artistic and urban transformation.
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Gian Lorenzo Bernini, an architect and sculptor, is the most representative Roman architect of the 17th century. In 1623, he created the grand Baldachin of St. Peter’s Basilica
Read MoreHumanistic and Literary Texts: Core Features & Communication
Humanistic Texts: Definition and Characteristics
Humanistic texts belong to the humanities, a broad group of subjects that deal with everything concerning human knowledge and development, both at the individual and social levels, in the present and throughout the historical and cultural past.
The Essay Format in Humanities
Among humanistic texts, a common format is the essay, in which the author develops their ideas. An essay is defined as the study of various topics treated subjectively, with argumentative
Read MoreDigital Transformation & Data-Driven Marketing Strategies
Industry 4.0: The Fourth Industrial Revolution
Industry 4.0, also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, represents the integration of automation with digital and cyber technologies. It includes advancements such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, Robotics, and 5G. These technologies enhance efficiency, improve real-time decision-making, and create interconnected smart systems.
Example: Tesla’s manufacturing plants use AI-driven automation to optimize production
Read MoreKnowledge Management: Systems, Roles, and Business Value
The Role of Knowledge Management in Business
Knowledge management is a set of processes designed to create, store, transfer, and apply knowledge within an organization. A significant portion of a firm’s value hinges on its ability to effectively create and manage knowledge. Knowledge management promotes organizational learning by enhancing the organization’s capacity to learn from its environment and integrate knowledge into its business processes.
Major Types of Knowledge Management Systems
There
Read MoreEmployee Mobility & Contract Changes: Rights and Obligations
Functional Mobility: Employer’s Right to Unilateral Change
The employer may unilaterally change the functions that the worker was regularly performing. This type of mobility does not require specific justification from the employer and has no temporal limitation.
- Within the same occupational group or between equivalent occupational categories.
Geographical Mobility: Relocation and Displacement
Geographical mobility refers to the movement of workers, permanently or temporarily, to another workplace in
Read MoreEcosystems: Components, Factors, and Species Interactions
An ecosystem is much like the community or biocenosis and the biotope in which it lives. It includes forms from different populations that interact among themselves and with the physical environment that surrounds them, reproducing and perpetuating the whole.
Key Ecological Concepts
Understanding Biocenosis (Community)
Biocenosis, or Community: A group of individuals living in a given area.
Defining Biotope
Biotope: The place or physical environment occupied by a community.
Biotic Factors in Ecosystems
Biotic
Read MoreSpanish Liberalism: Principles, Factions, and Historical Impact
Defining Liberalism: Freedom, Equality, Property
Liberalism is a political doctrine centered on defending individual freedom, equality before the law, and private property. Its first significant manifestation in Spain occurred during the Cortes de Cádiz, where the term ‘liberal’ emerged in opposition to absolutism, though precedents existed in enlightened reforms.
Liberals believed in the happiness and aspirations of all individuals, in material progress, and in individual freedom. They therefore
Read MoreData Multiplexing: FDM, WDM, and TDM Explained
FDM (Frequency Division Multiplexing)
Definition: FDM is a technique where the available bandwidth of a communication channel is divided into several frequency bands. Each frequency band is assigned to a different signal or user. The signals are transmitted simultaneously but on different frequency channels, avoiding interference.
- Key Concept: Different signals are transmitted simultaneously, but each on a different frequency within the available bandwidth.
Process:
- Multiple signals (e.g., voice or