High Gothic Architecture: Characteristics and Evolution
High Gothic Architecture: 12th to 15th Century
High Gothic, a style that flourished from the 12th century to the end of the 13th and 14th centuries, continued to develop into the 15th century until it was eventually superseded by the Renaissance. However, its influence persisted into the 16th century, particularly in the Iberian Peninsula. Italian Gothic architecture, which was given its name by Vasari in the 16th century, was considered at the time to be a style of the Goths. It is seen as an evolution
Read MoreThe Second Spanish Republic: Reforms and Challenges
The Second Spanish Republic: A Time of Change
The Second Spanish Republic was divided into three stages: the Biennium Reform, the CEDA, and the Popular Front, which ended with the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War.
The Pact of San Sebastian and the Rise of the Republic
In San Sebastian, the pact that gave rise to the Second Republic was formed. It was finally agreed with the Socialists to participate in a transitional Republican government chaired by Niceto Alcalá Zamora. The Republicans proposed
Read MorePhonetics, Phonology, Morphology, and Semantics in Spanish
Phonetics and Phonology
Phonetics
Phonetics is the study of sound production. The units of study are:
- Brackets: Represent the minimal articulatory organs involved.
- Ablation phenomena: The study of how sounds are produced.
Phonology
Phonology is the study of phonemes. A phoneme is the minimum unit differentiating meaning.
- Bars: Represent the traits studied.
The Spanish Phonological System
The Spanish phonological system consists of 24 phonemes, which can be divided into two subsystems:
- Vowels: 5 vowel sounds
CATV and HFC Network Design: Technical Specifications
Definitions and Bandwidth
We’re going to use the premises for the design and installation of an ELN US CATV system. The first thing to note is the frequency at which it will work, or rather, the services that we offer. This step is simply a business decision.
Calculating the Headend
One can choose the team, but now we have to specify the programming we want. Then, we venture to select the right equipment to get the satellite signal.
Technical Characteristics of the Earth Station
- For the choice of the
Capitalist and Communist Blocs: Post-War Evolution
The Evolution of the Capitalist World
Political Developments
- The disappearance of military dictatorships in countries of Southern Europe. The so-called Carnation Revolution put an end to the dictatorship in Portugal. Spain, meanwhile, began the transition to democracy in 1975 after the death of Franco.
- The birth of Eurocommunism. European communist parties agreed to the accession to power by parliamentary means, due to the obvious difficulty of a Communist revolution in the capitalist countries of
French Revolution: From Monarchy to Republic (1789-1799)
The National Assembly (1789-1792)
The National Assembly requested vote by head, and duplication of representatives of the Third Estate. They accepted the duplication of representatives but not the vote by head (in the end, they did vote by head). From the institutional revolt came a popular revolt. They asked to deliberate in common with the clergy and nobility. The privileged estates refused to meet with the Third Estate. The Third Estate named itself the National Assembly, deposited in the sovereignty.
Read MoreLabor Law: Clauses, Ius Variandi, and Employment of Minors
Permitted and Prohibited Clauses in Employment Contracts
Permitted clauses are those that the parties may freely agree upon and that impose duties higher than those required by law or improve conditions in favor of the worker (e.g., increased vacation time). They do not include regular aspects that are not covered by law. Prohibited clauses involve a waiver of rights under labor laws, which is not legally appropriate in light of Article 5 (principle of irrenunciability).
Ius Variandi: Employer’s Right
Read MoreLeukoplakia: Causes, Types, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Leukoplakia: A Comprehensive Review
Definition
Leukoplakia is a white patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease.
Modified Definition (Malmo, Sweden, 1983)
A white patch or plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease and is not associated with any physical or chemical agent except the use of tobacco.
Etiology: Local Factors
- Tobacco products (smoked and smokeless)
- Alcohol
- Chronic irritation
- Candidiasis
- Electrogalvanic
Aftermath of World War I: Treaties, League of Nations, and Rise of USSR
The Peace Settlement
After the armistice, representatives of the Allied Powers met at the Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920) to decide the conditions that would be imposed on the defeated Central Powers. At the conference, United States President Woodrow Wilson proposed a peace agreement that would promote reconciliation between the various participants in the war. However, this idea was rejected by Allied countries that had been devastated during the conflict, such as France. Instead, they wanted
Read MoreSpain in the Early 20th Century: Political and Social Turmoil
Crisis of the Restoration
In the early twentieth century, strong political commotion caused by the disaster of 1898 forced the dynastic parties to initiate a policy of reform. However, projects promoted by the conservative reformer Maura and the liberal Canalejas failed to thoroughly modernize the old system or truly democratize the Spanish political life of the Restoration. While the political system was only partially reformed, Spanish society entered a progressive stage of economic development
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