Data Preparation: Editing, Coding, and Cleansing
Data Editing
Information gathered during data collection may lack uniformity. For example, data collected through questionnaires and schedules may have answers that are not marked in the proper places, or some questions may be left unanswered. Sometimes, information may be given in a form that needs reconstruction into a category designed for analysis, such as converting daily or monthly income into annual income. The researcher has to decide how to edit it.
Editing also ensures that data are relevant
Read MoreDialects and Accents of the British Isles: A Linguistic Journey
Late Modern and Contemporary English
British Isles = UK + Ireland, UK = Britain + Northern Ireland, Britain: England, Scotland & Wales. 4 major dialectal areas: EngEng, ScotEng, WalEng, IrEng (North & South).
English Dialects and Accents
Based on historical dialects (Northumbria, Mercia, Midlands, etc.). Dialect: grammatical and lexical variation. Accent: phonological variation. Most prestigious BrEng accent today: RP, also BBC English or Queen’s English.
Northern Dialects (Scotland)
- Rhotic
International Law: Airspace, Outer Space, Sea, and Environment
Airspace
Airspace refers to the atmosphere above a state’s territory, including land and territorial waters, and is distinct from outer space, which begins at an undefined boundary. States have exclusive sovereignty over their airspace, as established by the Paris Convention of 1919. However, international aviation is regulated to allow limited freedoms under agreements like the Chicago Convention of 1944. The Tokyo Convention of 1963 assigns primary jurisdiction for offenses on aircraft to the state
Read MoreVisual Elements and Photography: Composition and Capture
Visual Elements in Art and Design
We rely on the proposal by Donis A. Dondis. The point functions to identify and mark a space. Two points help to define the basic notion of distance. There are three types of points: geometric, leakage, and attention.
The Line
Two points define a line. It arises when points are so close to one another that they cannot be isolated and become a line. Its two main functions are to identify and signify. Plastic functions include providing depth, separating planes, organizing
Read More10 Male Behaviors That Ruin Female Attraction
Santiago, Oct. 20 – When women are asked about what kills passion, it is surprising to note that their answers are very broad and cover the daily life of their partner. That is, not just attitudes in bed, but the time before, how was the day with him, how he behaves. These are the 10 turn-offs they identified as most important.
1. Neglect
And when we talk about this, we refer mainly to the absence of vanity, shabby clothes, poor hygiene, an excessive beard, stained teeth, etc. A man, whether handsome
Read MoreMarriage and Women’s Roles in Ancient Greece and Rome
Marriage in Ancient Greece and Rome
The word “marriage” has its roots in the Latin word *mater* (mother). In ancient Rome, men considered marriage a necessary evil. Unmarried men without children were frowned upon by society, and during the reign of Emperor Augustus, they even had to pay a special tax.
Marriages were arranged, and the woman had no say in the matter. These unions were based on family alliances. Women were married very young, often at eleven or twelve years old, as they were considered
Read MoreUrban Structure: Old Town, Expansion, and Periphery in Spanish Cities
Urban Structure of Spanish Cities
As a result of the long process of urbanization, Spanish cities with complex plans can be structured into three distinct areas: the old town, the expansion (ensanche), and the periphery.
1. The Old Town
1.1.1 The Origin
- Location of the city in relation to a wider geographical area (e.g., confluence of rivers or roads, along a communication axis) and its relation to the functions of the city on the surroundings (e.g., political or military control of an area, a region’
Capitalism: Understanding Its Core Concepts and Global Impact
Capitalism: Understanding Its Core Concepts
Capitalism is a social system based on a series of habits, laws, political and economic institutions, and a culture that guarantees and legitimizes the fact that some people might deprive others of access to resources and use others for enrichment. The ruling class takes over the work of others and produces goods to sell in the market, thus accumulating wealth to maintain and increase their power.
It is an oppressive regime of class because there is a class
Read MoreBangladesh: Literacy, National Income, and Fisheries Sector
Literacy in Bangladesh
- The recently published 2011 Bangladesh National Literacy Assessment Survey reported that 38% of Bangladeshi people cannot read or write, over one in three, despite much welcome progress.
- Since 2010, Bangladesh has enrolled over three million children in primary schools through the primary education program.
- This means that about 98% of school-age children attend school — boys and girls.
- There is a stark variation in literacy rates between men and women, between rural and urban
Key Concepts in Geography and Geology
Altitude
Altitude is the vertical distance of a point of land relative to sea level.
Dryness
Dryness is the lack of water in the soil and moisture.
Relief
Relief is the residual of an ancient horizontal platform or a slope, which testifies to its previous length. These hills have been cut off due to differential erosion caused by us and gullies.
Continental Climate
The continental climate is a factor due to a greater or lesser distance from the sea and the influence of land masses.
Mountain Range
A mountain
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