Cellular Organization: Structure, Function, and Interactions
The Cell: The Basic Unit of Life
The cell is the minimum reproductive unit and the hereditary basis of information that defines a species. It has the capacity for self-replication.
Plasma Membrane: Defining the Cell
The plasma membrane defines the cell and its interaction with the external environment. It facilitates cellular compartmentalization and interaction with the extracellular environment and other cells. The nuclear membrane differentiates “eukaryotic” from “prokaryotic” cells.
Organelles:
Read MoreUnderstanding Science: Definitions, Perception, and Factors
What is Science?
We will explore different meanings of science:
Meaning: Vulgar Synonym
Science is often used as a synonym for “know-how.”
Science as Hypothetical Deductive Model
Science, according to Aristotle, involves deducing a conclusion from premises. A scientist, in this view, makes deductions from a universal premise (universal hypothesis). While this model prevailed from Aristotle’s time (3rd century) to the 15th or 16th century (Galileo), it has a critical flaw: if the premises are false, the
Read MoreSmall and Large Intestine: Composition, Function, and Models
Composition and Function of the Small Intestine
Digestion within the small intestine produces a mixture of disaccharides, peptides, fatty acids, and monoglycerides. The final digestion and absorption of these substances occur in the villi, which line the inner surface of the small intestine.
- The crypts at the base of the villi contain stem cells that continuously divide by mitosis, producing:
- More stem cells
- Cells that migrate up the surface of the villus while differentiating
- Columnar epithelial cells
Spanish Literature: 18th and 19th Century Authors and Movements
Spanish Literature: 18th and 19th Centuries
Key Authors and Their Works
This overview covers prominent authors and literary movements in Spain during the 18th and 19th centuries.
- Moratín: (Theater) El sí de las niñas, La comedia nueva o El café.
- Cadalso: (Prose) Cartas marruecas, Noches lúgubres.
- Espronceda: (Poetry) Canción del pirata, El estudiante de Salamanca, El diablo mundo.
- Duque de Rivas: (Drama) Don Álvaro o la fuerza del sino.
- Zorrilla: (Theater) Don Juan Tenorio.
- Larra: (Prose) Artículos
Ethical Dilemmas in Engineering: The AFB Brake Case
Moral Issues in Vandivier’s Report Decision
AFB 1. What moral issues were involved in Mr. Vandivier’s decision to write up the final qualifying report? Explain.
From my point of view, yes, there were very important moral issues involved in Mr. Vandivier’s decision to write up the final qualifying report.
Firstly, we must state that there is no legality in Mr. Vandivier’s action. Moreover, if you question whether something is good or not, if there is any doubt, and you are not really certain of its
Read MoreSpanish Constitution of 1931: Key Features
The Constitution of 1931
The main task of the new government was to convene a Constituent Assembly, with elections that would grant legitimacy to the Republican regime. Elections were held in June 1931 and gave a large majority to the ruling coalition parties. The PSOE, a group with few members during the monarchy, became the largest parliamentary group, followed by Lerroux’s Radicals and the Radical-Socialist Party. The non-Republican right, meanwhile, was represented by a token minority. The courts
Read MoreBoost Workplace Performance: Addressing Absenteeism and Lateness
Vocabulary for Professional Development
Verbs
Promote (promover); appraise (evaluar formal); recognise (reconocer); reward (recompensa); evaluate; fail; achieve (lograr); advance; succeed (éxito).
Nouns
Promotion; appraisal; recognition; reward; evaluation; failure; achiever; advancement; success.
Adjectives
Promotional; appraising; recognizable; rewardable; evaluative; failed; achievable; advanced; successful.
Effective Group Work at University
What do you think is good for group work at university?
To
Read MoreTimeline of Early American History: Colonization to 1860
Key Figures and Events in Early American History
Early Exploration and Colonization (Pre-17th Century)
- First in America: Norse king Erik the Red (985)
- Discovery of America: Christopher Columbus (1492)
- Arrives to Newfoundland: John Cabot (1497)
- Establishes first settlement in Florida: Juan Ponce de León (1513)
- Lands in North Carolina/South-Washington and goes up to New York: Giovanni da Verrazano (1524)
- Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards (1522)
- Explores Mississippi River: Hernando de Soto (1539)
- Explores
Needs Analysis and Course Design in ESP
Unit 2: Needs Analysis
The goal of ESP courses is to teach the language and communication skills that specific groups of language learners need or will need to function effectively in their disciplines of study, professions, or workplaces.
ESP course design includes a stage in which the teachers identify what specific language and skills the group of learners will need.
The identification of language and skills is used in determining and refining the contents, objectives, approaches, and materials
Read MoreOligopoly and Market Dynamics: A Detailed Analysis
Oligopoly: Definition and Characteristics
An oligopoly is a market or industry dominated by a small number of sellers or producers. Because there are few participants, each oligopolistic firm is acutely aware of the actions of the others. The decisions of one firm significantly affect or influence the decisions of others. By exerting market power, they cause higher prices and reduced production. These companies maintain that power, partly by avoiding intense competition.