International Contracts and Business Structures
Contracts: Essential Elements
- Consent: Agreement between parties with legal capacity, declared or explicitly stated.
- Object: Must be real, lawful, and capable of being determined.
- Cause: Onerous and licit.
- Form: Mandatory for certain contracts, generally speaking.
International Contracts
Types:
- Unilateral/Bilateral
- Short-term/Long-term
- Agreement
- Cooperation
- Public/Private
According to Object:
- Sale & Purchase
- Commercial Agency or Distributor
- Franchise
- Joint Venture, etc.
Structure:
- Place and date of execution
- Title
- Identification
Maritime & Transport Glossary: Key Terms
Maritime Terms
Cabotage: Navigation near the coast. Traffic between ports of the same country.
Catamarans: Double-hulled boats, which enables them to reach higher speeds than single-hulled boats.
Container: Metallic container with a standard size and shape used for the transport of goods, allowing fast transfer between various modes of transport.
Hydrofoil: Boats that, when browsing, are able to stand on a submerged surface (hydrofoil). This allows them to reduce the area of the hull in contact with
Read MorePlato’s Theory of Forms: Soul, Knowledge, and the Good
Plato’s Theory of Forms: The Idea of the Good
The Idea of the Good is supreme: it holds all other ideas. It is their foundation, their truth, and their knowability. Thanks to the Good, ideas *are* ideas, and they can be known. The Good gives the ideas their truth, that is, their being and essence. The Idea of the Good guarantees that ideas *are* ideas; ideas participate in the Good, which is their model. The Idea of the Good is the ultimate purpose to which all ideas aspire.
The Idea of the Good provides
Read MorePhonetics, Post-War Context, and Galician Literature
Phonetics and Phonology
A phoneme is the smallest linguistic unit; it is meaningless and abstract. Allophones are the specific ways a phoneme, like ‘k’, is actually pronounced. A grapheme is the written representation of a phoneme.
- Phonetics deals with the study of sounds.
- Phonology dedicates to the study of phonemes.
- Spelling deals with the proper use of letters and signs, like their employment in writing.
A diphthong is the combination of two vowels in the same syllable. For this to happen, one vowel
Read MoreEnglish Verb Tenses: A Comprehensive Review
Simple Present
Affirmative: Subject + Verb (infinitive without ‘to’). In the third person, add -s or -es to the verb.
Example: I read my book. / He reads his book.
Interrogative: Do/Does + Subject + Verb (infinitive without ‘to’) + Complement.
Example: Do you read the book? / Does he read the book?
Negative: Subject + do/does + not + Verb (infinitive without ‘to’).
Example: I do not read the book. / He does not read the book.
Simple Past
Affirmative: Subject + Verb (past form – usually ending in -ed, or
Read MoreEcosystems, Resources, and Sustainable Development
Ecosystems and Their Resources
An ecosystem encompasses all living beings inhabiting a given area and their relationship with their environment. Large ecosystems are known as biomes.
Resource Depletion
Renewable resources are energy sources like wind, solar, and biomass. If the consumption rate exceeds the renewal rate, it leads to resource exploitation.
- Nuclear fuels provide substantial energy from small quantities of radioactive material.
- Mineral resources require a high concentration of minerals for
Mastering English Conditionals, Grammar, and Vocabulary
Second Conditional
If + subject + past simple + subject + would + infinitive (without ‘to’).
If I were a rich man, I would buy a magic pill to learn English in a week.
Defining Relative Clauses
He is the man who (that) invented the World Wide Web.
This is the system which (that) I told you about.
That is the place where we buy our computers.
- who, quien (for people)
- which, cual (for things)
- whose, de quien (for possession)
- where, donde (for places)
- when, cuando (for time)
- that, que (for people and things)
Reported
Read MoreConstruction Vocabulary: Terms and Definitions
Materiales: Acero corrugado: Rebar (n). Albañilería: Masonry(n). Bauxita: Bauxite (n). Bloque de hormigón: CMU. Bloques de hormigón ligero: Blocks of cinder concrete (n). Calentar: To heat (v). Caliza/Cal: Limestone (n). Cenizas volantes: Fly ash (n). Clinker (n): clinker. Compuestos: Compounds(n). Crudo: Raw(adj). Enlechar: To grout(v). Escoria: Slag(n). Etapas: Stages(n). Horno de cemento: Cement kiln (n). Hueco: Void (n). Mena de hierro: Iron ore (n). Mezcla: Mixture(n). Mortero: Mortar(n)
Read MorePoem of the Cid: Summary, Context, and Characters
Poem of Mio Cid
Poem of Mio Cid tells the story of Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar, also known as “El Cid Campeador.” He was a real historical figure who gained widespread admiration. The poem is the only nearly complete version of a Spanish epic poem that has been preserved. It was composed in the late twelfth century by Per Abbat. The Cid is portrayed as a humane and sensible hero. The central theme revolves around the great warrior’s fall from grace and his subsequent struggle to regain royal favor and
Read MoreErasmus and the Counter-Reformation: Key Aspects
Erasmus and the Counter-Reformation
Erasmus believed that sincerity was key. He saw evil concealed within formalism, blind compliance to tradition, unnecessary consumption, and organizations resistant to change, but never within the teachings of Christ. He envisioned the Christian life as a battle against evil, where the Christian knight defends themselves through knowledge of divine law, reading sacred texts, and mental prayer. He criticized the excessive veneration of images of saints and even
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