Francoism: Repression, Opposition, and Transition
International Isolation (1945-1950s)
After World War II, the victorious Allied powers considered Francoist Spain a last vestige of fascism. In 1946, Spain was denied entry into the newly formed United Nations (UN). The UN saw the Franco regime as a threat, and there were efforts across Europe to reduce fascist symbols.
The Cold War and Shifting Alliances
The emerging Cold War led to a change in the United States’ stance towards Spain. Due to Spain’s strategic location and anti-communist position,
Read MoreScreenad Interface: Methods and Properties
Registers a callback that will listen to a specific Screenad Interface event.
This function cannot be used for DOM events.
See: Event details.
- Parameters:
- {String} event_name
- The event which will be listened to.
- {Function} callback
- The function that will be called when the specified event takes place.
- Parameters:
- {Number} innerX
- The inner x coordinate
- {Number} innerY
- The
Key Postcolonial Studies Texts: Critical Approaches
Essays: Critical and Theoretical Approaches
Edward Said, *Orientalism*
Orientalism is a book in which the author establishes the eponymous term “Orientalism” as a critical concept to describe the West’s common, contemptuous depiction and portrayal of “The East,” i.e. the Orient. Societies and peoples of the Orient are those who inhabit the places of Asia, North Africa, and the Middle East. Said argues that Orientalism, in the sense of Western scholarship about the Eastern World, is inextricably tied
Read MoreMonarchy Transformations and the Rise of Humanism
Historical Context
Political Transformations: Evolution
From Feudal Monarchy to Authoritarian Monarchy and the Rise of States.
Feudal Monarchy: The feudal monarchy was a political and social system established in medieval Europe. The king granted land (fiefs) to nobles, who became his vassals. In return, nobles provided military and political support. Peasants (serfs) worked the land and paid taxes to the nobles, living under their protection. Free peasants were known as “villains.”
Vassalage System:
Read MoreFrench Revolution: Origins and Early Stages
The Outbreak of the French Revolution (1789-1792)
The Failures of the Old Regime
In France, the Old Regime was destroyed by the French Revolution (1789-1799), which had its origins in the failures of the system:
- Social unrest: The Third Estate, which paid taxes, resented the privileged estates that scarcely paid taxes at all. The wealthy bourgeoisie was also frustrated by its lack of political power.
- The economy: A tax crisis was caused by overspending on the American Revolutionary War. Bad harvests
Journalism, Pronouns, Literary Devices, and Adventure Novels
Features of Journalism
Feature: Journalism is a genre in which the reporter, must go in person to the place where the newsworthy events occur.
Chronicle: Presents current facts and interprets information that tells of a past event, which is related to a current one. It is very similar to the report, but they differ in that in the chronicle, the author or journalist expresses their vision. Style: personal.
Types of Pronouns
Pronoun: Comes from the Latin *pronomine*, pronouns are put in place of a noun
Read MoreNarrative, Argumentative Texts, Essays and More
Narrative Text
A narrative text is an account of events involving characters, developing in space and time. The facts are recounted by a narrator. Examples include fairy tales, fantasy, thrillers, and novels.
Basic Structure of Narrative
All narrative is characterized by a basic structure: frame, event, and episode. These three categories form the plot.
Types of Narrators
- Protagonist Narrator: The narrator and character are fused. The protagonist narrator can also be a character in the story.
- Omniscient
Decolonization: Causes, Impacts, and Neocolonialism
Implications of Decolonization
The problems of newly independent countries:
- Economic Impoverishment: New nations faced significant economic challenges.
- Social Issues: A lack of healthcare facilities and inadequate educational development hindered progress.
- Political Instability: Politicians attempted to replicate dominant models but often failed, leading to political instability.
- Internal Conflict: Many countries were plagued by internal conflicts due to the formation of heterogeneous nations.
- International
TCP and UDP: Network Communication Protocols
TCP and UDP: Key Differences
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
- Data-oriented
- Unreliable, connectionless
- Simple
- Supports Unicast and Multicast
- Used by SNMP
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
- Stream-oriented
- Reliable, connection-oriented
- Complex
- Unicast only
- Common Use Cases:
- Used by most Internet applications
- Web (HTTP)
- Email (SMTP)
Fragmentation
DF (Don’t Fragment):
- 1: Don’t Fragment
- 0: Could Fragment
MF (More Fragment):
- 1: More fragmentation needed
- 0: No more fragmentation needed, last fragment.
All fragments of one packet
Read MoreHume’s Critique of Causality and Metaphysics
Hume on Matters of Fact and Causal Reasoning
Text 4, p. 75: All our reasonings concerning matters of fact seem to be based on the relation of Cause and Effect. By means of that relation alone we can go beyond the evidence of our memory and senses. Factual issues concerning the future are established through causal reasoning. Events happen to others.
The issues of fact in this text refer to judgments about things happening in the world that we perceive through our senses. These judgments are synthetic,