Community Action Research: Data Collection Strategies
The operationalization of the hypotheses is what will allow us to decide what will be the combined observation instruments (technical research) more appropriate to argue the specific forms of implementation and take decisions delimiting social units to observe, etc. However, there is something unique in the choice of techniques in this type of research since the aim of the research is, in our case, inseparable from the very purposes of the Community action in which it integrates as well as producing
Read MoreNietzsche’s Philosophy: Nihilism and Western Culture
Nietzsche’s Life and the Roots of Nihilism
Friedrich Nietzsche was born in 1844 in Germany. Raised in a religious environment, he received strong support throughout his life from his sister, Elisabeth. He studied theology and philosophy at the University, specializing in Greek Philosophy. He was appointed professor of classical philosophy, but in 1879, his declining health forced him to retire. In 1888, he struggled between lucidity and madness, finally succumbing to madness in 1889. His mother and
Read More15th Century Spanish Literature: Key Authors & Genres
The Fifteenth Century: A Period of Transition
The fifteenth century was a period of transition, corresponding to the pre-Renaissance. As a result of the struggles and clashing trends, universally valid literary works such as La Celestina were written.
Historical Context
From a historical point of view, the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs of Castile and Aragon in the mid-15th century stands out.
Courtly Lyric Poetry
Courtly lyric poetry emerged in the 15th century, developing around the refined courtly
Read MoreData Analysis and Research Methods: An Overview
Data Analysis
The collected data can be analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively, depending on how the variables are measured. This is the stage of systematic and reflective analysis of information obtained through the instruments. It is one of the highlights of the research process and involves working with data, collecting and organizing them into manageable units, and synthesizing them to support the research.
Ethics in Educational Research
Science and technology should be subject to ethics,
Read MoreMarket Structures: Monopoly and Competition
Types of Market Structure
Economists have developed four basic models of market structure: perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, and monopolistic competition. This system is based on two characteristics:
- The number of producers in the market (one, few, or many).
- Whether the goods offered are identical or differentiated (differentiated goods are goods that consumers consider different but substitutes to some extent; for example, Coca-Cola and Pepsi).
In a monopoly, a single producer sells a single,
Read More15th Century Europe: Monarchies & Exploration
Europe in the 15th Century
During the fifteenth century, Europe pursued a demographic and economic recovery, overcoming the serious crisis of the late Middle Ages. Monarchs seized part of the political power from the nobility and centralized it. The disappearance of epidemics led to an increase in population, which also led to increased demand in the agricultural sector, gradually pulling it out of stagnation. Sea routes became active again. The development of trade and crafts increased productivity
Read MoreDangerous Sects: Origins, Practices, and Control Methods
4) Stop Suffering (Universal Church of the Kingdom of God)
Official Name: Universal Church of the Kingdom of God.
Also Known As: Stop Suffering.
Founder: Edir Macedo.
Founded: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (1977).
Curiosities: The founder has been jailed twice in Brazil, and the church has been embroiled in financial scandals in Argentina. They often offer certain charms, like oil from Mount Sinai or the Jordan River.
Some Examples of Dangerous Sects
5) The People’s Temple
Jim Jones, an American pastor,
Read MoreUnderstanding Unemployment and the Labor Market
B3. Unemployment
Unemployment is the situation faced by workers who are in a position where they do not find paid work. The population is divided into active or inactive. The active population is the set of individuals in a society who are of working age and able to work, and who either have or want a paid job. The workforce is made up of the employed and the unemployed. In Spain, the working-age population is between 16 and 65 years old. The inactive population comprises minors, the disabled, pensioners,
Read More18th-Century Spanish Literature: Trends and Authors
Social Background: 18th Century in Spain
Trends in Literature
Poetry (Anacreontic, Pastoral, and Fable). Authors and trends in the second half imposed Neoclassical or illustrated poetry. There are two schools of poetry: Salamanca (Cadalso, Jovellanos, and Meléndez Valdés) and Madrid (Nicolás and Leandro Fernández de Moratín).
- José Cadalso cultivated all literary genres; he published his poems under the title Pastimes of My Youth. His sonnets noted the power of time and renounce love.
- Gaspar Melchor
Second Spanish Republic: Reforms and Challenges (1931)
Biennium 1931: The Second Spanish Republic
The Second Spanish Republic emerged from Republican causes, marked by constitutional aspirations and a provisional government focused on social, educational, labor, and military reforms.
Proclamation and Initial Actions (April 14, 1931)
On April 14, 1931, the Second Republic was proclaimed in Eibar, where the Republican flag was first raised. Several cities, including Barcelona, Seville, Zaragoza, and others adhering to the San Sebastián Pact (SSEB), joined
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