Latin American History: Civilizations, Conquest, and Independence

Ancient Civilizations of Latin America

Olmec Civilization: Pioneers of Mesoamerica

The Olmecs are considered the first major civilization in Mesoamerica. They were known for their colossal head sculptures, intricate glyphs, and codices. Their creation story, the Popol Vuh, influenced later cultures.

The Mayan Civilization: Innovation and Ritual

The Mayans developed advanced technology and established powerful city-states, particularly in the Yucatán Peninsula. Their cities featured elaborate ball courts

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Liberalism and Nationalism: The Age of Revolutions

The Era of Revolutions

The Eighteenth Century witnessed several political developments that transformed Europe and America, marking the beginning of the modern world.

  • The birth of the United States, stemming from the American Revolution, was deeply influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment.
  • France led the Great Revolution (1789), which ended the Ancien Régime. Napoleon Bonaparte subsequently subdued most of Europe with his armies, simultaneously spreading revolutionary ideas.
  • The Congress of Vienna
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Future Forward: Insights from Innovative Business & Tech Talks

Key Insights from Innovative Business & Tech Talks

Featured Presentations: Innovation & Impact

  • Lluís Molas – “Introduction to Programming” (ESIC Garage)
    This talk introduced the basics of programming and its relevance in today’s digital world. Lluís Molas aimed to explain how programming works, the differences between languages, and the importance of learning computational thinking. The session combined historical context, coding fundamentals (like loops, conditions, and events), and
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Angela Carter’s Literary Legacy and “The Bloody Chamber”

Angela Carter: Life and Work

Angela Carter (7 May 1940 – 16 February 1992) was an English novelist and journalist, known for her feminist, magical realism, and picaresque works.

After dying of cancer, aged 51, in 1992, Angela Carter was pronounced by The Times one of the 50 best postwar British writers. Her work is regarded as fantastic or magical realism, accompanied by her naturalistic and realistic critique of female and thus male gender roles. Her style of writing is very diverse.

Carter’s Literary

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Practical Java Code Examples: JDBC, Threads, Servlets, Sockets

Java Programming Examples Collection

This document presents a collection of practical Java programming examples, covering database interactions with MySQL using JDBC, multithreading concepts, Swing UI development, and basic web application development with Servlets, along with a simple network client.

JDBC Database Operations

These examples demonstrate how to connect to a MySQL database and perform common operations like counting records, creating tables, and retrieving data.

Count Records in MySQL

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Web Dev Fundamentals: REST, JSON, MongoDB, React, Redux

REST API and HTTP Methods

REST API (Representational State Transfer API)

A REST API is a set of web services that follow the principles of REST, which is an architectural style for distributed systems. REST APIs are commonly used for building web services that allow communication between clients and servers over HTTP.

Key principles of REST:

  • Stateless: Every request from a client to a server must contain all the information needed to understand and process the request. The server does not store any

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Innovations in Biological Engineering: Microbes, Design, and Health

Biomining: Harnessing Microbes for Mineral Extraction

One of the smallest representatives of life forms, bacteria, can be seen as a mixed blessing. They cause diseases in plants and animals, even human beings, such as tuberculosis and leprosy on one side, and they also convert milk into curd. In the last couple of decades, we have identified bacteria as miners. These diminutive diggers have become assets to the mining industry, eliminating traditional offensive methods which use explosives, toxic

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Political Turmoil: Spain’s Second Republic and the Path to Civil War

The Reformist Biennium (1931-1933)

From the proclamation of the Republic, social conflicts were constant. Workers joined anarchist unions. Employers pressured the government, which, unwilling to lose control, used law enforcement to repress strikes. Clashes between workers, mining anarchists, the Civil Guard, and the Army in 1932 resulted in a dozen deaths and tens of injuries.

The Right restructured around Acción Popular, led by Gil Robles, which gained significant presence among Catholics and monarchists.

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Foundations of Law: Concepts, Classifications, and Landmark Cases

Characteristics of Legal Language

Legal language is a unique and specialized form of communication used in the legal profession. It has distinct characteristics that set it apart from everyday language. Understanding these characteristics is essential for effective communication in legal contexts.

Key Features

  1. Formality: Legal language is formal and avoids colloquialisms, slang, and contractions. This formality helps to convey authority, seriousness, and precision.
  2. Precision: Legal language aims to
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Philip IV’s Reign: Crisis, Rebellions, and Olivares’ Reforms

The Crisis of 1640: A Turning Point for Spain

In 1640, a confluence of factors led to the fall of Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares (1643), and imperiled the very empire of Philip IV. This period was marked by widespread unrest and challenges to the Crown’s authority.

The Catalan Revolution (1640-1652)

The Catalan Revolution (1640-1652) was a direct consequence of the Unión de Armas (Union of Arms), a policy that aimed to compel all kingdoms to contribute to the formation of a unified army.

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