Spanish Narrative Trends: 1940s to 2000s
The 1940s: Evasion and Witness
The end of the Spanish Civil War was marked by a dual approach in the world of narrative:
- Trend-Evasion (Avoidance): This trend remained distant from the problems of society and man.
- Trend-Testimonial (Witness): This trend represented a conformist reaction. Authors in this current depicted sordid environments, violent literature, abnormal characters, angry behavior, and asphyxiating spaces without fuss. The atmosphere of degradation was a kind of implicit social criticism.
Understanding Ethics: Definitions, Rules, and Philosophers
1. Definition of Ethics
Ethics is the branch of philosophy that studies human actions, classifying them as morally good or bad, proper, prohibited, or permitted. The repetition of these actions forms habits (from the Latin mos, moris, hence the word ‘moral’), shaping a freely acquired moral character (in Greek, ethos, hence ‘ethics’).
2. Classification of Rules
Human life is a series of decisions. What constitutes the right decision in each case? A ‘correct decision’ can refer to the means employed
Read MoreScottish Adventures: Highlands, Islands, and Sports
A Scottish Tale
An old story draws thousands of tourists annually, yet the elusive Nessie remains unseen. Perhaps it’s just a tale for tourists.
Stirling’s Significance
Northeast of Glasgow lies Stirling, a gateway to the Highlands. Its magnificent castle, one of Scotland’s largest and most important, stands as a testament to history. Nearby, the Battle of Bannockburn (1314) unfolded, and Mary was crowned Queen of Scots at the tender age of six.
Highlands and Islands
Highlands
The Highlands, in Scotland’
Read MoreSpanish Golden Age Theater: Tirso and Calderón
Tirso de Molina
Foreign History Plays: Works in which the behavior of the characters is very “Hispanicized” (e.g., The Imperial Otto).
In Honor: Rural people are virtuous and represent the purity of blood. Lope thinks we should extol their figure against the crisis in the countryside, which has become a literary topic: “Contempt of court and praise of the village” (e.g., Punishment without Revenge).
Authors of this cycle include Lope de Vega, Guillén de Castro (Las Mocedades del Cid), Luis Vélez
Read MoreGame Types, Problem Solving & Cognitive Biases
Game Types: A Breakdown
- Cooperative vs. Non-Cooperative:
- In cooperative games, participants can form alliances to maximize their chances of winning.
- In non-cooperative games, participants cannot form alliances.
- Symmetric vs. Asymmetric:
- In a symmetric game, all participants have the same goals, and their strategies determine the winner.
- In asymmetric games, participants have different or conflicting goals.
- Perfect vs. Imperfect Information:
- In perfect information games, all players can see the other players’
Mastering Participant Observation: A Qualitative Research Art
Chapter 2: Participant Observation
Introduction
There’s nothing quite like participant observation to develop a practical application of qualitative methodology as an art and a compendium of social skills, sensory awareness, and strategic thinking.
Participant Observation in Joint Research Internships
The term “observation” is defined as closely examining the actions of something that surrounds us. Open your eyes to look, explore, admire, and compare. Monitoring to know is the backbone of scientific
Read MoreLanguage Teaching: History, Approaches, and Methods
A Brief History of Language Teaching
Changes in language teaching methods throughout history have reflected recognition of changes in the kind of proficiency learners need.
The Grammar-Translation Method
- Reading and writing are the major focus.
- Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading texts used.
- The sentence is the basic unit.
- Accuracy is emphasized.
- Grammar is taught deductively.
The Direct Method
The Natural Method argued that a foreign language could be taught without translation or the use
Read MoreLife in Spain: Culture, Crime, and Cuisine
Life as a Student in Spain
My educational journey began in daycare at the age of one due to my parents’ work commitments and the distance from my grandparents. I officially started school at two and a half, as the academic year sometimes begins in September, and my birthday is on December 12th. I attended public school, receiving free education, materials, and books. While my school is now bilingual, it wasn’t during my time there. Following school, I transitioned to college, where my adaptation
Read MoreMarriage and Adoption: Legal Requirements and Effects
Marriage: Legal Requirements and Effects
MARRIAGE: A legal act where both parties participate willingly, resulting in personal and/or property legal effects. Marriage is a contract that must meet specific validity requirements:
- CONSENT: Both parties must agree freely, without violence or error (both must be aware they are marrying each other).
- CAPACITY: Minimum age requirements (with parental consent): Men: 14 years old; Women: 12 years old.
- PURPOSE: To establish personal relationships, not merely
Understanding Journalistic Opinion: Editorials, Articles, and Hybrid Forms
Understanding Journalistic Opinion
Editorials
An editorial is a newspaper article that presents the publication’s opinion on a current topic of interest. Key characteristics include:
- Deals with current events.
- Addresses issues of high importance to the newspaper.
- Reflects the views, political and ideological orientation, and corporate social responsibility of the publisher.
- Typically written by specialized editors.
- Appears without a fixed structure, but usually follows a pyramid scheme, building to a climax