Philosophical Methods and Criteria of Truth
Empirical Method
The empirical method also began in the modern age with the current known as “empiricism,” whose most prominent representative was Hume (18th century). Empiricism considers two kinds of truth that human knowledge can access:
- Truths of reason: Based on the deduction of a set of principles from others. These are only rational operations; hence, they can aspire to be correct and infallible, but they do not provide information about external reality.
- Truths of fact: Characteristic of empirical
Accountancy Obligations and Financial Statements in Spain
Are There Direct Consequences for Violating Accountancy Obligations?
The Commercial Code imposes a series of requirements that must be complied with, and certain formalities to guarantee the veracity of the accounts.
- No direct sanction exists for violating the rules.
- However, the legislator is so interested in the accuracy of accounting that a material breach of the duty of keeping such records (double counting or commingling, leading to a material misunderstanding of their equity or financial situation)
Business Dialogues and a Honeymoon in Mexico
Business Dialogues
CiclosCiclone: A Customer Service Call
A: CiclosCiclone, can I help you?
B: Yes, I’m phoning from Ballyclare, in Northern Ireland. Could I speak to Diego Martin, please?
A: I’m afraid he’s out of the office right now. Can I help you?
B: Well, I sent him a text message and he hasn’t replied. It’s really quite urgent.
A: Can you tell me what it’s about?
B: It’s a bit complicated to explain. I need a copy of a certificate for customs. Maybe he didn’t get my message. Can
Read MoreUnderstanding Research Methodology: Types, Ethics, and Intellectual Property
1. Research Flow Cycle
Definition of Research: Research is a systematic investigation aimed at creating new knowledge or creatively using existing knowledge to develop new concepts, methods, and understandings. It involves forming hypotheses, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions to either support or refute these hypotheses. Research contributes original insights, adding to the existing knowledge base.
Research Flow Cycle with Explanation
The Research Flow Cycle is a systematic process that guides
Read MoreSecurities Market: Regulation, CNMV, and Investment
Securities Market Law
The Securities Market Law (LMV) regulates primary and secondary markets. The LMV establishes the principles of its organization and functioning, rules governing the activity of those involved in them, and their supervisory regime. The products involved in these markets are securities issued by private companies and institutions (fixed or variable income) or public institutions (bonds).
What is the CNMV? Objectives and Functions
The stock market law requires the existence of an
Read MoreMonopolistic Competition: Features & Differentiation
Monopolistic Competition: Features and Differentiation
As the term suggests, monopolistic competition is a market structure that combines characteristics of both monopoly and perfect competition. Because each company offers a slightly different product, it is, in a way, a monopoly: it faces a downward-sloping demand curve and possesses some market power, i.e., a certain ability to set the price of its product. However, unlike a pure monopoly, a firm in monopolistic competition faces competition:
Read MoreFrankenstein: Key Themes and Influences
Scientific Influences on Frankenstein
Humphry Davy, Erasmus Darwin, and Luigi Galvani, along with two of their disciples (Adam Walker and P.B. Shelley), were crucial to Mary Shelley’s understanding of science and the scientific enterprise. As seen in the novel, Victor Frankenstein is inspired by the use of electricity to give life to a person. He was influenced by older philosophers such as Agrippa and Magnus.
Narrative Structure of Frankenstein
Frankenstein is an epistolary narrative with three
Calculate Calories: Protein, Fat, and Carbs
Calculate Calories from Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrates
How to determine nutritional values:
- Determine total fat, protein, or carbohydrate content: Divide the specific number of total fat calories by the total number of calories in that serving, as indicated on the nutrient label.
- Determine the percentage of carbohydrates, fats, or proteins in the total amount of food ingested: For example, if you ate 2000 calories and 800 of those calories were from carbohydrates, then 800 divided by 2000 times 100
Spain’s Railway History: Impact and Development
The Development of Railways in Spain and Their Economic Impact
During these years, twenty railway companies were created. The most important were predominantly French, such as Madrid-Zaragoza-Alicante (MZA), Northern Rail, and Sevilla-Jerez-Cádiz. However, there were also other significant Spanish companies.
Subsidies and state guarantees, along with expectations of large profits, spurred the development. However, starting in 1864, it became clear that earnings expectations were dashed. The agricultural
Read MoreTax Liability: Basic Concepts and Elements
Tax Liability: General Concepts
Serious Fact: A hypothetical set of circumstances, established by law, to determine the tax, and whose occurrence gives rise to a tax obligation.
Contributor: Natural or legal persons, administrators, or holders of property affected by taxes.
Subject of Tax: A person who must withhold or pay a particular tax.
Taxable Income: The quantification of the serious incident on which to apply the tax rate directly to determine the amount of tax liability.
Tax Rate: The amount
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