Inca, Aztec, Maya Civilizations and Spanish Conquest
Inca Civilization
The Inca civilization, known as Callasuyo in Chile, was centrally located in Cuzco. They considered themselves part of a new humanity, descendants of the sun.
Peaceful Methods and Administration
The Incas preferred peaceful methods and established indirect governance. They constructed the Inca Trail, which included agricultural centers, dairy farms (settlements), and Pucarás.
Quechua was imposed as the common language. They had a complex administration system using quipu.
Religion
Read MoreMinority Languages and Linguistic Normalization in Galicia
Minority Languages and the Case of Galician
Minority languages are those that have a small number of speakers in a given territory. A minority language refers to linguistic varieties of small extent, but very much present in their own territory.
The Normalization of Galician
As we know, the social confrontation between a hegemonic language and one or more minority languages has two possible outcomes: either the dominant language eliminates the minority language, or legal, political, social, and linguistic
Read MoreBall and Hockey Sports: Types and Terms
Ball Sports: Terms and Types
Galotxa and Related Sports
Galotxa: Similar to the ladder and rope game, but played on the street (natural or artificial).
Galotxetes: This mode is played in Galotxetes, with a small team of one or two players. A point is scored every time you touch the ball, or the opponent fails to pass the string or insert the ball into one of the caixons (holes in the sides of the Galotxetes).
Long: This appears to be the oldest form, played in the street, and features rays, a kind of
Read MoreRestaurant, Hiking, and Graduation Experiences
Restaurant Experience
- Rick was celebrating his anniversary with his girlfriend. (False)
- The other customers didn’t eat their meal because they had to leave.
- The owner of the restaurant offered Rick a free meal.
- Rick liked the surprise in the restaurant. (True)
- Rick and his girlfriend finally ate vegetables, meat, and so on.
- When the cell phone rang, Rick and his girlfriend were looking at their menus.
- Rick and his girlfriend paid the bill when they finished eating. (False)
- Rick and his girlfriend didn’t
PL/SQL Procedures, Functions, and Triggers
PL/SQL Procedure EJ1
This PL/SQL procedure inserts data into the PERMISOS table based on data from the USUARIOS table.
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE EJ1(
p_ciudad usuarios.ciudad%TYPE,
p_dpto usuarios.dpto%TYPE,
p_total OUT number
) AS
CURSOR c_usuarios IS
SELECT idu, dpto
FROM usuarios
WHERE dpto = p_dpto AND ciudad = p_ciudad;
BEGIN
p_total := 0;
FOR v_registro IN c_usuarios LOOP
INSERT INTO PERMISOS VALUES (v_registro.idu, p_dpto, 'DELETE', Read More
Database Schema Design: Relational Model Essentials
Conceptual Diagram
Representation of information resources regardless of system users or particular applications and without regard to efficiency issues. It is normally supported by the E/R model.
Logical Schema Global/External
Transformation of the conceptual framework adapted to the data model which supports the DBMS to be used, obtaining a Global Logical Data Schema. The most common is the relational model.
Internal or Physical Schema
Instrumentation as efficiently as possible the logical schema in
Read MoreEmployee Motivation: Taylor, Mayo, Maslow, Herzberg
Taylor’s Theory of Scientific Management
Taylor proposed that workers are primarily motivated by pay. His theory of Scientific Management argued that:
- Workers do not naturally enjoy work and therefore require close supervision and control.
- Workers should receive appropriate training and tools to work as efficiently as possible on one specific task.
- Workers are then paid according to the number of items they produce in a set period – piece-rate pay.
Consequently, workers are encouraged to work hard
Read MoreThe House of the Spirits: Characters and Storylines
The House of the Spirits: Narrative and Structure
A clear example of social contrast is the family of *del Valle* workers compared to Esteban Trueba in *Tres Marías*. Differences are also seen within the same city, contrasting working-class neighborhoods with upper-class neighborhoods. That magical conception of reality is evident in the episode of the expulsion of the ants. *Tres Marías* has been invaded by a plague of ants that are destroying the entire crop. Esteban Trueba seeks all possible
Understanding Communication Systems: Definitions, History, and Models
Understanding Communication Systems
- Definition of a System
A combination of interacting elements organized to achieve one or more stated purposes.
- What is System Engineering?
Systems engineering is an iterative process of top-down synthesis, development, and operation of a real-world system that satisfies, in a near-optimal manner, the full range of requirements for the system.
- Chronology of Communication Systems
The Visual Era: Smoke signals → Pigeon Post → Printing Press (1450)
The Wired Era:
Read MorePhilosopher Kings and Justice in Plato’s Republic
Philosopher Kings and the Pursuit of Justice in Plato’s Republic
Making political decisions requires judgment and skill. It should, Plato urges, be left to the experts. In Plato’s The Republic, Socrates presents an example of a ship led by men ignorant of navigation:
Read More“Don’t understand that a true captain must pay attention to the seasons of the year, the sky, the stars, the winds, and all that pertains to his craft, if he’s really to be the ruler of a ship. And they don’t believe that there