Understanding Urban Planning: Essential City Concepts
Location in Urban Planning
Location refers to the relative position of a city within a wider geographical area. This concept is crucial as it relates to the city’s role and its influence on urban morphology.
Understanding the Urban Plan (Plano)
The Urban Plan (or Plano) is a foundational document that details the built-up and open areas of a city. It is a key element of a city’s urban morphology. Three main types of plans can be distinguished:
- Irregular Plan
- Radiocentric Plan
- Grid Plan
Urban Plot and Building
Read MoreAncient Theatre’s Cultural Mirror: Drama, Society, and Human Experience
Oedipus the King: Democracy and Accountability
Summary: Sophocles’ Oedipus the King
Oedipus, King of Thebes, seeks the cause of a plague and learns he killed King Laius—his father—and married his mother. The play explores truth, fate versus free will, and public accountability. The Chorus voices the people. Oedipus’s downfall is public, demonstrating democratic ideals.
Thesis: Greek Theatre and Athenian Democracy
Greek theatre reflected Athenian democracy by making leaders accountable (as seen
Read MoreAutomotive Sealants: Choosing & Applying for Car Bodywork
Automotive Sealants: Essential for Vehicle Repair
Sealants are crucial for ensuring the quality of vehicle repairs and maintaining anti-corrosion warranties. They serve various roles, including anti-gravel protection and soundproofing for wheel wells, floors, and other areas.
Types of Automotive Sealants
Extrudable Joint Sealants
Used when working with sheet metal, applied to all joints or seams. Application is typically done using a polyurethane cartridge with a manual or pneumatic gun. Polyurethane
20th Century European Political Systems and Conflicts
Stalin’s Dictatorship and the Great Purges
Joseph Stalin, who had held the position of Party Secretary since 1922, soon initiated a phase of concentrated power, using purges to eliminate any individual opposing his ideas. Between 1935 and 1938, Russian society was subjected to a process of ‘debugging’ or cleansing. Terror became the most common weapon in the hands of the political police. A new constitution, approved in 1936, announced ‘democratic freedoms,’ which were, in reality, exercised as a
Read MoreEmployee Development & HR Management Essentials
Understanding Employee Training
Training is an organized activity designed to increase the knowledge and skills of employees for a definite purpose. It involves systematic procedures for transferring technical know-how to employees, enabling them to perform specific jobs with proficiency. Through training programs, trainees acquire technical knowledge, skills, and problem-solving abilities.
Key Purposes and Benefits of Training
- Imparting basic knowledge and skills to new entrants.
- Assisting employees
Spain Under Late Francoism: Economic Growth and Social Dynamics
The Franco Dictatorship: 1959-1975
The economic development that occurred in Spain during the Franco dictatorship (1959-1975) resulted in significant changes. The most important were: an increase in population, explained by a decrease in the mortality rate; the dominance of cities and tertiary activities; and a rural exodus of over 4 million Spaniards changing residence.
The industrial working class largely came from the countryside and therefore lacked professional qualifications. The middle classes
Read MoreOfficial Language Policy in Public Service and Education
Language Skills in Public Administration
Requiring specific language skills for access to public service need not be contrary to the principle of equality. If the Administration, by constitutional mandate, must ensure the use of two languages, then language skills are integrated into the core of the principle of capacity, like any other knowledge requirement suitable for professional work. Without officials possessing these language skills, the Administration could not meet its constitutional mandate.
Read MoreC Programming Fundamentals: Language, Structure, and Data Types
What is C Programming?
C programming is a general-purpose, high-level programming language developed in 1972 by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs. It is one of the most widely used and influential programming languages of all time. C was originally created to write operating systems and system-level software, but over time, it became popular for application development as well. It is often considered a middle-level language because it allows direct manipulation of memory and hardware resources (low-level
Read MoreCore Principles of Visual Media, Narrative & Journalism
Design Fundamentals: Visual Principles
Understanding Design: Definition & Core Concepts
Design (verb):
- To conceive or create in the mind; to invent.
- To formulate a plan for; to make something for a purpose.
Visual Weight: Element Prominence
The prominence of an element within a composition. Affected by:
- Size
- Color
- Position
- Shape
Proportion: Element Size Relationships
The size relationship between elements in an image. Usually mathematical.
The Golden Ratio: Fibonacci & Phi
A proportion based upon the
Read MoreSpanish Post-War Literature: Eras and Movements
Existential Novel in Post-War Spain (1940s)
The existential novel embraced the new Spanish reality, aiming to break from the aesthetic and propagandistic narrative novel. Notable works include Camilo José Cela’s La familia de Pascual Duarte and Carmen Laforet’s Nada. Cela’s novel introduced tremendismo, a style characterized by stark language, violence, crime, and the brutality of human beings. Nada, on the other hand, depicted the consequences of the Civil War through everyday characters suffering
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