Effective Teamwork in Primary Health Care (PHC)

Posted on Oct 30, 2024 in Social sciences

TOPIC 3 TEAM

TEAM

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PHC teams

Is this true?:

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TEAMWORK = WORKING GROUP

NO

Teamwork = effort members

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Carry out joint action ↓

Team Group is ALWAYS

But Group team is not always

Group Membership

Unintentional, INCIDENTAL AND WITHOUT Intentionality

TEAM Membership

Conscious, deliberate

Multidisciplinary Team →

Teamwork is not innate need learning

Teamwork:

  • More effective
  • More profitable
  • That sum is the sum of individual works

FEATURES OF TEAMWORK (Gilmore, 1974)


  • Learn and share common purpose

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BACKGROUND OF THE TEAM: GOAL / MISSION

  • Understand functions and other team members
  • Group: knowledge, techniques and resources. The end result is more efficient
  • Share responsibilities of results. Has advantages and disadvantages. All have the responsibility both of the results.
  • → Collaboration between them. There should be a good organization.

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Work

Organization Effectiveness Skills

Etc.

  • → good functioning team organization. Work coordinated NOT hierarchical. Must be horizontal.

RULES OF ORGANIZATION:


  • Scheduled job. Unable to function improvised. There must be a programming activities.
  • Participation of all. Everyone has to participate in the planning and evaluation activities or employment.
    • Planning.
    • Evaluation
  • Establish system for communication between the computer and other equipment. How do we know if it’s via e-mail or as
  • (Oral / written)
  • Establish system decisions. Must decide what to do when there is diversity of opinion.
  • Establish evaluation system
  • (Self Assessment)
  • Coordination.
  • The coordinator should be responsible and team member

ACTIVITIES COORDINATOR:


  • Own Team
  • Organizational
  • Foreign relations. People reference.
  • Ability to encourage / reward. That person must compensate the person know and be more equitable
  • Comprehension.

TEAMWORK: ADVANTAGES

  • Providing different perspectives: global vision and objective.
  • Avoid duplication of work.
  • Increased responsibilities.
  • Fostering good relations
  • Assigned responsibility for personal satisfaction
  • Chance developing new functions
  • Best performance using material resources.
  • Possibility to organize care services (schools, …)
  • The user can choose professional.
  • More efficient and profitable than the sum of individual works.

Teamwork: Disadvantages

  • Differences salary / status.
  • Not understanding other roles
  • Existence dominant personality
  • Disagreement teamwork.
    This will not work either.
  • Rigid limitations
  • Minimum participation of any member.
  • Hiding information
  • Communication poor.
  • Lack of responsibility.
  • Lack of integration of any member
  • Not setting goals (not understanding them.

HOW CAN FORM A TEAM

  • FIRST PHASE: a nominal group


    It designates a number of people who do not know anything. He will look like.

    • Collective anxiety


  • SECOND PHASE:


    Interpersonal Knowledge. Now we know. Already neglected anxiety the first time. The goal is to make a good impression and look good.

    • Relaxation

  • THIRD PHASE:


    • Conflict

Raised more involved objectives. We want to respect our opinion. There are three types of conflicts:

  • Objectives: The former population is more in summer than in winter.
  • Expression: hostility, more personal level.
  • Inherent structure. Several people make the same function.
  • FOURTH PHASE: unitary group
    • Adapting practice goals. Not everyone thinks the same, but together they have found a way to agree on this goal.

The teams can be formed for different reasons.

A) deliberate TRAINING:

These teams are formed with the need to solve a specific problem that requires joint action by different professionals and that would be impossible to solve individually.

Ex: some societies, clubs, …

B) spontaneous formation:

The teams spontaneously not necessarily pursue the solution of a problem given an objective ol’assoliment medium or long term.

C) DESIGNATION FOR EXTERNAL TRAINING:

These are teams that are formed by social determination, ie, that depends on its constitution of elements (persons, institutions, rules ,…) alien or external to their own group members. Is the case with most health teams, both APS and hospital settings. The health team was established based on some administrative processes or decisions in which no part of the protagonists. These groups require obviously a longer process than the rest in order to consolidate itself as a team. Ex: team after a traffic accident

Factors involved in teamwork

HISTORY

The experience of each team members is vital since their previous personal history of other teams can determine their activity against a new challenge.

Affectivity

The degree of cordiality and harmony established between the various computer components, it could dictate the results and performance of work. In a continuous emotional rejection, must find a midpoint that can work efficiently.

Ideology

This is another very influential factor in teamwork, not all have to share similar ideologies. There may be people who conceived this work as a rewarding opportunity in which each can contribute their knowledge to do a more complete and better.

However, there are people who are subjected to these groups against their beliefs. The ideology of the institution also influences because of this ideology often depends on how work can be hierarchical and inflexible, or collaborative and dynamic.

The division of duties

The knowledge by each member of their own roles and responsibilities, as well as the other players, you can avoid many conflicts and promote the development of effective tasks. Regarding this, bear in mind that each team member should have clearly defined their role, so that the predominant interest in achieving the common goal on the performance of individual action.

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE

The fact that each person will have a level of professional competence in accordance with the requirement of the activity to be accomplished is a determining factor in relations within the group and especially the effectiveness and efficiency. Hence the importance of pre-qualification and training.

THE METHODOLOGY OF WORK

Develop work methods previously discussed and agreed upon, including procedures for planning, execution and control, as well as regular meetings of coordination and foresight in his case, provided the plans are elements that foster teamwork.

Conversely, the absence of rational methods of improvisation work, hinder their development, efficiency and harmony.

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION

All group members should have the same level of knowledge about issues that concern the team. Often problems occur because of gaps in communication.

PHC teams

Organizational and functional structure formed by all health professionals and practitioners who develop continuously and shared activities of APS within a given community

ABS → NO

WHO:

ASSOCIATION OF PEOPLE non-hierarchical, with different professional disciplines, but with a common goal, which is that provided in any setting, patients and families, MORE COMPREHENSIVE HEALTH CARE POSSIBLE

PURPOSE:


IMPROVEMENT OF THE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION OF ABS

COMPONENTS:


Health professionals:


  • Physicians, pediatricians, dentists
  • Nurses, auxiliary

NO health professionals:


  • Social Workers
  • Administrative Staff

Features:

  • DIRECT CARE
  • Community Health
  • ADMINISTRATION AND COORDINATION
  • TEACHING AND RESEARCH

Features: ATTENTION DIRECT

  • Attendance: Ambulatory, urgent home
  • Monitoring and control
  • Health promotion, prevention and EPS
  • Rehabilitation and social reintegration

Features: Community Health

  • Knowledge assigned population, demographic surveillance
  • Identifying problems / needs
  • Jobs: health programs
  • Promote cooperation in health institutions health programs
  • Health information from the ABS

Features: ADMINISTRATION

  • Internal organization of the EAP
  • Administration Resources
  • Ensuring quality care provided
  • Provide information, processing and transmission ANNUAL REPORT
  • Collaboration with other services and referral EAPs

Features: COORDINATION

  • Evaluation activities and results
  • Promotional activities and evaluation
  • Logistical support activities
  • Activities interconsultation

Duties: Teaching and Research

  • Training continued throughout the EAP
  • Teaching pre and post graduation (all professionals)
  • Prevalent health problems, applied research and service organization
  • Preparation and execution, execution epidemiological studies, research projects, training activities, educational activities, etc..