Understanding Human Anatomy: Key Body Parts and Functions
Parts of the Body (with Definitions):
- Ankle (turmell): The joint between the foot and the lower leg.
- Arm (braç): The long extension from the upper body between the shoulder and wrist.
- Elbow (colze): The joint between the upper and lower arm.
- Finger (dit): One of the extensions from the hand.
- Foot (peu): The perpendicular extension at the end of the leg.
- Hand (ma): The part of the arm below the wrist, to which fingers are attached.
- Hip (maluc): The part of the upper leg that projects slightly outward.
- Knee (genoll): The joint between the upper and lower leg.
- Leg (cama): The long extension from the lower body between the hip and foot.
- Shoulder (espatlla): The joint between the arm and the upper body.
- Toe (dit del peu): One of the small extensions at the end of the foot.
- Wrist (canell): The part of the forearm that attaches to the hand.
- Abdomen (abdomen): The part of the body that contains the digestive organs and is between the groin and the waist.
- Back (esquena): The part on the other side of the body to the torso between the pelvis and the neck.
- Chest (pit): The part of the body enclosed by the sternum and ribs that lies above the abdomen and below the neck.
- Lung (pulmó): Organ that gives oxygen to blood.
Groin (ingle): The place in the human body where the inner thigh and the lower abdomen meet.
Neck (coll): The part of the body that joins the head to the torso.
Rib Cage (caixa toràcica): A structure of bones in the torso that frames the chest.
Shoulder Blade (zona lumbar): One of the two upper back bones that lie outside the ribs and connect the back to the upper arm.
Torso (tronc): The upper portion of the human body that extends from the neck to the pelvis.
Waist (cintura): The part of the human torso between the groin and the rib cage.
Parts of the Face:
- Cheek: Galta
- Face: Cara
- Forehead: Front
- Head: Cap
- Jaw: Mandíbula
- Chin: Barbeta
- Teeth: Dents
Injuries & Conditions:
- Injury: Ferida / Lesió
- Bruise: Morat / Hematoma
- Scratch: Rascada
- Cut: Tall
- Swollen: Inflamat
- Dislocation: Luxació
- Sprain: Esquinç
- Twisted: Torçat
- Pain: Dolor
- Broken: Trencat
- Damage: Dany
- Concussion: Conmoció
Respiratory System:
- Alveoli (Sacs d’aire): Small sacs in lungs, oxygen in, CO₂ out.
- Asthma (Asma): Chronic lung disease.
- Breathe (Respirar): Move air in and out of lungs.
- Bronchial Tube (Conducte pulmonar): Main passage from trachea to alveoli.
- Emphysema (Enfisema): Progressive lung damage, shortness of breath.
Portar: Bring: brought / brought, Doblegar: Bend: bent / bent, Sagnar: Bleed: bled / bled, Cremar: Burn: burnt / burnt, Tallar: Cut: cut / cut, Caure: Fall: fell / fallen, Donar: Give: gave / given, Seure: Sit: sat / sat, Estripar: Tear: tore / torn, Despertar: Wake: woke / woken, Trencar: Break: broke / broken, Sentir-se: Feel: felt / felt, Tenir: Have: had / had, Pegar: (donar cops) Hit: hit / hit, Sostenir: Hold: held / held, Ferir: (fer mal) Hurt: hurt / hurt, Estar de peu: Stand: stood / stood, Còrrer: Run: ran / run, Veure: See: saw / seen, Agafar: Take: took / taken.
1. Reason (Symptoms): els símptomes que té el pacient: “The patient has a headache and fever.”
2. Cause (What Happened): què ha passat: “He fell from his bike.”
3. Where Feels Pain: on li fa mal: “He feels pain in his leg.”
4. Diagnosis: diagnòstic: “The diagnosis is a sprain.”
– Where does it hurt? → On et fa mal? – It hurts here. → Em fa mal aquí. – How long have you had this pain? → Quant fa que et fa mal? – I fell / I hit my head. → He caigut / m’he donat un cop al cap.