Understanding Development Test Methodology: Paradigms and Methods

Posted on Feb 13, 2025 in Philosophy and ethics

Development Test Methodology

1. Paradigm, Knowledge, and Reality

PARADIGM: Meanings of ideas, thoughts, beliefs that are accepted as true or false without further testing or analysis.

KNOWLEDGE: Cognitive value between the subject and the things that surround it; a representation of something. For an object to be known, it must be distant and different from consciousness. The object can only be. The subject may be subject and object at once. In the process of knowing, we try to explain reality. Reality can be explained through the following methods of knowledge:

  • Vulgar: Spontaneous, no argument is passed down orally (vulnerable to distortion), used to solve everyday problems.
  • Religion: Religious knowledge is based on faith and dogma (believe to believe).
  • Philosophical:
    • Doxa: Methodical, like the vulgar.
    • Episteme: Knowledge is methodical, informed, rational, intentional.
  • Scientific: Relates to the philosophical, as it uses a method.

FACT: The truth of things. The existence (being) of things, material and immaterial. That truth is present, past, and future.

2. Trends and Paradigm of the Middle Ages

  • The Earth is the center of the universe (geocentric).
  • The Medieval era was characterized by the belief statement to understand (theocentric).
  • The social structure is estamentaria; those born in a sector stay in this.

3. Methods Raised by Galileo and Bacon

a) Galileo: Nature is independent of man and has a perfect system that does not depend on him. To know it, one should relate directly with it (proving); the mediator is math.

b) Bacon: Argues that man operates under bias (ghosts, idols) and proposes a balance between experience and reason. Method of idols: to know all the prejudices of men, then aullentarlos:

  • Caves: Prejudice more widespread, all men.
  • Tribe: Refer to smaller groups.
  • Forum: Related language that does not explain anything.
  • Show: A scientist has to know why it accepts or rejects.

4. Maieutics, Dialectic, and Logic

Maieutics: The method Socrates used to induce another person to find the truth for themselves. It means doing calve the knowledge produced by the transmutation of souls (the knowledge is naturally latent in consciousness). The discovery process is known as dialectic.

Dialectic (Plato): A method to know the truth through dialogue. Allows seemingly opposite arguments in opposition, but often complementary (thesis-antithesis) in order to reach the truth through the explanation of those arguments. Through the dialectic, one can reach the world of ideas.

Logic (Aristotle): A method that leads to the truth. It consists of 3 parts: concepts, propositions, and reasoning.

5. Steps in the Method of Discarding

  1. Do not accept as true without evidence.
  2. Divide the problem into as many parts as possible.
  3. Explain each of the divisions from the simple to the more complex.
  4. Make a generalization to ensure that all parties have been integrated.

6. Scope of the Cartesian Doubt

Cartesian doubt is the starting point of thought and belief is to criticize acquired, regarded as false in principle, everything can be as minimal chance of error. For Descartes, it is the means to find the universal truth. The result of Descartes’ Cartesian doubt has set in order to stay with the true knowledge of reality. Through out any doubt that knowledge is false, so the outcome of the doubt is to reject the false knowledge, working our way to universal truth.

7. I think, therefore I am.