Understanding Common Plant Diseases and Management Techniques
Definitions:
Blossom End Rot: A common physiological disease of the tomato attributed to great fluctuations in available moisture and characterized by slightly sunken, leathery areas around the tip end of the fruit that appear water-soaked or colored lead to brown.
Tip Burn: Tip burn in lettuce is a physiopathy produced by conditions not attributable to pests and diseases, which manifests as a burn of the tips of the young leaves and is mainly caused by the lack of calcium.
Powdery Mildew: A parasitic fungus, especially of the vine, whose vegetative apparatus forms on the leaves of this plant a network of whitish and dusty filaments.
Black Spot: It is a fungus. Different species of this genus are among the largest plant pathogens.
Diseases: Fungal damage, Botrytis, Oidium, Powdery Mildew, Blossom End Rot.
Pests: Aphids, Whiteflies, Red Spider Mites, Leafminers, Fruit Flies, Thrips.
Weeds: White Banyan Tree, Nettle, Vinegar, Dock, Clover.
Site Selection: The act of choosing a place to plant crops.
Last Frost Date: The last day during which plants may freeze.
Base Temperature: The minimum temperature at which plants may grow.
Greenhouse: A structure that retains solar energy.
Mean Temperature: The average temperature in an area.
Growing Degree Day: A measure of how much heat a plant will receive in a day.
Photoperiods: Long amounts of time that plants are exposed to light produce strong plants.
Hoop House: A structure with a curved roof that traps heat, allowing farmers to grow in cold seasons.
Elevation: Janet’s farm is at a higher height of an area relative to sea level.
Freeze Protection: Preventing crops from freezing saved the harvest last winter.
Growing Degree: Norman wants to start a farm in an area with a long period during which plants grow.
Heater: A device that burns fuel to create heat to keep the plants from freezing.
Pest Management: Preventing organisms from harming crops.
Fungal: Being or related to fungus.
Weed: An unwanted wild plant.
Bacterial: Being or related to bacteria.
Sanitize: To kill bacteria.
Pathogen: An organism that causes disease.
Weed Maps: Show where to apply herbicides.
Biological Controls: Provide farmers with an alternative to pesticides.
The Blight: Destroyed the entire crop. Most weeds can be controlled with herbicide. Wendy used a fungicide to protect her crops. Suppression of pests is a concern for farmers. Mulching: Plant waste can enrich soil. Pesticide: Effectively controls insects.
Dates: I was born on February 5, 1998. Once on May 11, 2017.
Seasons: Autumn, Winter, Spring, Summer.
Months: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.
First Case: I just discovered that I have corn borers in my cornfields. What can I do? I can apply pesticides to control the corn borers. Plant earlier varieties to avoid this.
Second Case: I want to plant tomatoes in December; I want to try to extend our growing season. How can I do it? I can use different types of greenhouses, such as hoop houses.