The Spanish Civil War: A Concise Overview
public order, the management of supply, foreign trade, the administration of justice and indstria war, leaving aside the regional administration, events that caused friction in the clutter. In 1938, the situation became very difficult to Republican territory. To seek international support after the government proposed a negotiated solution to the war and published by May Program Retz
T and P s on UNT proposed conditions for the cessation of fighting armani, which were rejected by France. September 1938 lka the republic received a blow when he signed the Munich agreement, whereby Britain and France recognized the occupation of the Sudetenland by htler and surrender to Nazi expansionism. Negrin insists on military resistance, which was reflected in the motto “to resist is overcome.” loss nutrition geenr between the months of February and 39 rd meant exile of Republican governments of Catalonia and the Basque country. In early March in Paris Manuel Azaña presented their dimiso as President of the Republic.
3.1. accidental death in Lisbon on 20 July Sanjuro 36 General raised the issue of leadership in the direction kmilitar and government of the territory controlled by insurgents. July 24 was created in towns the board of National Defense, composed of military and headed by General Miguel C + abanell former ace, his first measures was a ban on the activities of all political parties, suspending stoppage of the constitution and land reform. The first months of the war, Gen. F rancid or was gaining supporters and consolidate its leadership within the Army, sobretor, after releasing the Alcazar de Toledo. The fact that Hitler and musolini the reconoguessin as an interlocutor to negotiate support for the insurgency led to the September 30 military elect the head of the Uprising.
1 October 36 was published the decree appointing the head of state and generalisim the Spanish armies.
national defense board was replaced by a technical board. From October 36 frnaco applied a strategy of lengthening the war that allowed him to strengthen the insurgency. In April 37th Franco announced the unification decree that united and Falangists Carlists a single party, it is pan lan ge ola trad ICIO nalista and the jons.
Franco would be the boss of the national one-party The new party adopted the uniform of blue shirt and red beret of the Falange and the Carlist fascist salute with the arm raised. The institutionalization process of the new state of the Franco regime ended in January 1938 with the disappearance of the board and technical training of the first national government of the area. Franco concentrated in his person the efatur to state j and p resides ncia government, from that moment wasCaudillo of Spain. On March 38 was approved the first of the fundamental laws, away from work, inspired by Italian fascism and was banned strikes and worker reivinidicacions.
3.2. The construction of the Francoist state was accompanied by extreme violence that UA was part of the guidelines set pekls kde leaders and the insurgency that led to the elimination of the defeated militarily in the territories occupied by rebel Foces. Assassinaes relevant to people who were meant as symbols of the Republic rather than for his political action, the case kcom Mon poet f ede rich and Garc Lorca murdered grenade. Represio the character had a systematic, planned, and was carried out by erxercit, the phalanx of military and political authorities against anyone suspected of sympathizing with the left. The intention was to impose a climate of terror that prevented any attempt to answer. 3.3.
TMB war was a Civil War Catalan, Catalan to both sides. Election results on 16 February 36 gave active support to the rebels. 4.1.
on July 36 troops of africa, and regular legionaries under command of General Franco, had intended to make Madrid essential. In August, the troops were insurgents Colonel Yagüe
Cupar badaoz and managed to open a link via a fraja closely with the Northern Army. In September, France decided to divert to occupy Toledo and end the siege of the Alcazar. 6 November the Republican government took the decision to move to Valencia, the capital
remain in the hands of a junta headed by General Miaja. Madrid resisted despite the direct attack of the notes played insurrecte insurrections and air, thanks to the help of the first international brigades, the Russian tank columns and Catalan volunteers, including the Buenabentura led by Durruti.
nutrition in the columns of militiamen volunteers to move towards FINL July with the intention of recovering notch
Aragon and Zaragoza, but did not get it, how to recover tmpc Majorca for the Republic, this failure provided a platform aviation logistics decisive Franco. Once rejected the attempt to take Madrid, the rebels began two encirclement maneuvers to isolate both the capital and cut communications with Valencia. The first maneuver was the battle of Jarama in February 37 in which the rebels crossed the river but were detained by the Republicans.
The second was the Battle of Guadalajara in March of 37, where the Italian troops suffered a defeat by the New People’s Army of the republic, this was the first
Republican victory.
February 37 QUEIPO Llano troops bombed and occupiedMalaga. 4.2.
Fighting to conquer the northern occurred between April and October 37. The insurgents attacked Biscay last days of March. April 26 the city of Guernica was destroyed by Nazi aviation wineskin quartet General Franco. Occurred for the first time ever an air raid on civilians. Bombareig the Gernika was inmortalitzat Picasso in the painter’s work plablo Gernica.
bilbao was occupied on June 19 thanks to the superiority of arms and insurgents in aviation. July The Republic empendre attack and later the brunete Belchite but could not prevented the French from entering Trope in August and two months as antander occupy tad more injuries. 4.3.
end of 1937 the Republicans tried a series of reforms of the army, gave the command prefesionals, they integrate the pictures from the militias and the International Brigades, and was placed at the head prestige general Vicente Rojo, who defermar various offensives, the most important of Teruel in the winter of 37 – 38. But in February of 38, Franco’s army was reoccupied Teruel and took the wear suffered by the Republican troops to start the campaign of Aragon, March 38. April 3 nationals took Lleida and Waldo and shortly after Balaguer, tempera, Camarasa and hydroelectric plants of the Pyrenees, to reach the Mediterranean Vinaròs with Valencia as a new and imminent goal. 4.4.
The progress of the troops was halted when the rebels Republican Army that habia received new arms, reorganized its units from defermar nutrition and a powerful offensive on the River Ebro.
Battle of the Ebro was one of the most important military episodes of the war, began on July 25 with 38 attack Republican who crossed the river Ebro and between Benifallet Mequinenza and conquered populations as Asco, blackberry d’Ebre .. Vn advance inland and became strong in the Waldo area. French reinforcements sent there enclosos German and Italian aircraft and TMB one-third of our lady of Motserrat. Early November in southern France is Tarragona and crossed the river Ebro.
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November 38 the battle was considered finished. 23 desmbre French occupation decided nutrition. Tarragona was occupied on January 15 and 26 bcn. With the fall of Girona came to France from the exodus of thousands fleeing. 4.5.
on February 39 the only territory in the hands of the Republicans was the area cetre; Madrid, La Mancha and the region from the Mediterranean north of Valencia to Almeria. Negrin returned from France and made the Latest esfroç to reorganize the army. The beginning of March there was an uprising in Madrid against the Republican government led by Sigismund coronekl married or had been in contact with services espionatges Franco to surrender the city of Madrid and aabar er war through negotiations with France. With the support of some s ocialistes UGT and the board was created defense but negotiate with France, but he only agreed to surrender unconditionally thenMarch 28 French troops would madrid Sensa resistance.