The Sandhurst Manifesto: A Blueprint for Spain’s Restoration
Introduction
The Sandhurst Manifesto, initially a private letter by Alfonso XII, was intentionally made public to address two key themes: defending Alfonso XII’s right to rule Spain after the fall of the Republic and outlining the political program that would guide his government.
Political Program
The manifesto articulates the arguments for Alfonso XII’s candidacy and the benefits he would bring to Spain. It emphasizes the failure of the Six-Year Revolutionary experience, particularly the First Republic, and presents the restoration of the Bourbons as a constitutional solution.
Restoration of Monarchy
The manifesto highlights the support for Alfonso XII and presents him as the solution to Spain’s political and social chaos. It refers to the dictatorship of Serrano, the war in Cuba, the Carlist War, and the cantonal and peasant uprisings.
Cánovas’s Role
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, the founder of the Restoration regime, is credited as the real author and inspirer of the manifesto. His goal was to firmly establish the monarchy above the Constitution and create a broad political consensus that included all parties.
Key Principles
The manifesto emphasizes the importance of:
– Constitutionalism and the accommodation of all liberal tendencies – The return of the army to its constitutional mission – Peaceful civilian supremacy over military power – Rotation of power between two major parties
Conclusion
The Sandhurst Manifesto reflects the aspirations of Spanish society at the time: a desire for political stability, constitutionalism, and economic progress. It laid the foundation for the Restoration, which lasted until the early 20th century.