The Rise of Fascism in Italy
The Crisis of the Liberal Regime in Italy
:At the end of the war, the economic and social consequences were severe. The number of unemployed reached two million, and inflation was greatly increased. Beginning of the century, were emigrazioa.Hainbat workers strike. In addition, many farmers were poor light uprising: the dismantling of land distribution for latifundioak zuten.1919eta 1920, strikes and revolutionary tendencies were extended, and the land occupied by factories and zituzten.Gerraren a result, the monarchy and the liberal parliamentary system and the traditional aspects of the crisis was . Italian Socialist Party did not achieve mass of workers to join, because of disagreements between the two trends.
In 1921, the Italian Communist Party was founded zen.Frustrazio feeling of World War I and the results were, and this, he created sumindura nationalists.
Botererako towards fascism:Benito Mussolini was the Creator. Initially, the Socialist Party was the head of radical tendencies, but more extreme nationalism in favor of zuen.1919an, Fasc Italiani di Combattimento was founded in Milan, ultranazionalista.Faxistak national team defender of nationalist demands were heated, and a revolutionary socialist program of year-1922 zuten.1920 arts, was a minority party, but was radical. But then the Italians, and less confidence in the parliamentary regime and, therefore, to increase social protection fascist movement was necessary to obtain zuen.Mussolini realized that the strengthening of social protection, and he changed his tactics. On the one hand, and the tendency to ignore the revolutionary fascism was prepared to fight in Parliament. To this end, in 1921, fasc’s fascist organization became the National Party. On the other hand, workers ‘and farmers’ organizations against the repression of fascism zuen.1922ko hard to August, the socialist general strike was to promote violence against fascists. But he failed and was reinforced by the power of Mussolini. Since then, the way botererako zen.1922ko remained open in October, eskuadristek * Rome tour was proposed, at least six ministers in the government of being fascist eskatzeko.Faxistek did not get the power of the state forces Ignore this word if you do not have. But the direct responsibility of Victor Emanuel III, King of the above. October 29, king of the Mussolini sent a telegram, asking the government to form.
Parliamentary time:
1922 to 1925, giving a parliamentary government. Initially, when the Prime Minister Mussolini, the liberal regime seemed friendly. He formed a coalition government, fascist, liberal, conservative and made popular, and the Parliament of the adoption of power zituen.1924ko get special elections, 64% of the votes had been fascist. However, the same year, a group leader of the fascist and socialist deputy Matteotti was murdered, was the most serious crisis better because of fascism. This Congress was asked to go to the election results invalid. Socialists do not meet the parliamentary chairs Mussolini response was to leave, by force.
Fascist dictatorship:1925-since 1926, Mussolini was not any aurkaritzarik, all laws were established in the fascist. The other political parties and workers’ unions were destroyed, and press censorship was established. Since that time, Mussolini had unlimited power, and only the king was to convert erantzukizuna.Estatua fascist, one-party totalitarian regime established zen.1929an, Letrango signed the Declaration of the Catholic Church, and thus, the system was reinforced. /1) adoctrinament and social control: state fascist mentality of the population and to control his actions. Doktrinatzean special interest in youth. Therefore, the importance of giving education.
Children and young party-controlled youth organizations to take part in zuten.Emakumeak Bracketing the area was home, but by law, the lower wages zituzten.Mussoliniren intention to completely control the media and cultural. / 2) Korporatibismoa interbentzionismo and economic: the economic and work- politics, fascism, korporatibista system was selected. To organize the economy, social organization and control, in accordance with the principle of cooperation between the classes, so that social conflict. But it was not just the appearance of this system. Regimes were completely controlled by these groups. First, labor laws were made by: Charter on the work: only accept the fascist trade unions, and the strike was illegal. / Fascism, at the beginning of the application of liberal economic policies, and this was beneficial for large companies. But Prevent 1925, interventionist policies led to the crisis zuen.1929ko after state began to intervene in the economy even further and ruled in favor of autarkiaren. Since 1936, the real war economy was established.