The New Woman in the 19th Century: A Literary Revolution
Introduction
The 19th century witnessed the emergence of a new literary figure: the New Woman. This powerful figure, both socially and literarily, challenged the existing order and embodied new values.
Characteristics of the New Woman
- Embodies new values
- Challenges the existing order (male)
- Independent
- Outspoken
- Iconoclast
Notable Women Writers
- Kate Chopin
- Edith Wharton
- Charlotte Perkins Gilman
- Alice James
Differences between Male and Female Literature
- Male:
- Bildunsgroman: Focus on the development of a young man
- Urban and industrial settings
- Female:
- Women’s regionality: Focus on women’s experiences in specific geographical locations
- Personal success outside the home
- Fulfilling work outside the house
Approaches to Interpreting Kate Chopin’s”The Story of an Hou”
Intrinsic (Formalist) Approach
- Surprise ending: Mrs. Mallard’s unexpected reaction to her husband’s death
- Point of view: Internal narration from Mrs. Mallard’s perspective
Extrinsic Approach
- Biographical: Chopin’s own experiences as a woman in the 19th century
- Historical: The social and cultural context of the time
- Psychological: Mrs. Mallard’s emotional journey
- Mythological: The story as a modern retelling of the myth of Persephone
- Reader-Response: The reader’s own interpretation and response to the story
Conclusion
The New Woman in the 19th century literature was a revolutionary figure who challenged societal norms and paved the way for future generations of women writers. Kate Chopin’s”The Story of an Hou” is a powerful example of this literary movement, offering a complex and nuanced exploration of women’s experiences and desires.