The Municipality in Spain: Structure, Population, and Rights
The Municipality in Spain
The Municipal Population
The municipal population is the set of individuals and families grouped on the basis of neighborhood. According to Ruiz del Castillo: “It is necessary that these people possess the awareness of the links that bind them and the will to live together.” Everyone living in Spain is obliged to register to vote in the municipality where they are ordinarily resident. Those who live in several municipalities must register where they have been living for the longest period of time. Therefore, all persons registered in the municipal population are residents of the municipality, and are considered neighbors at the time of registration in the population census.
The Municipal Register
The Municipal Register is the administrative record of residents of a municipality. Their data provide proof of residence in the municipality and their usual residence therein. The certifications that these data are issued will be authentic and authoritative (i.e., which attests or certifies the fact) for all administrative purposes in the registration.
Municipal Register Contents:
- Name and surname
- Sex
- Nationality
- Permanent address
- Place and date of birth
- DNI number
- Qualifications
- Telephone number
- Other data needed for voter registration, respecting the fundamental rights of the constitution.
Management of the municipal register shall be kept by the municipalities with media. The regions and the provincial governments provide technical and financial assistance to municipalities to carry out these tasks.
The Registration Board
The Registration Board is a college of collaboration between the general state administration and local authorities on the municipal census. It focuses on reporting in cases of disagreement on casualties, on the official population figures, and on the exchange of information among various administrations.
Spanish Nationals Living Abroad
Spanish nationals living abroad will be enrolled in a special pattern, the development of which is conducted by the general state administration in collaboration with local authorities. Spanish residents of the municipality shall, for the purposes of the exercise of voting rights, be considered residents.
Rights of Residents
Resident status includes the following rights:
- To vote and stand in terms of electoral legislation.
- To participate in municipal management.
- To use public services in a manner befitting their nature and access to communal land use.
- To assist with economic and personal benefits provided to legally conduct of the municipal.
- To be informed, upon reasoned request, and to direct requests to the City Administration in relation to municipal records and documents, according to art. EC 105.
- To request the provision and, where appropriate, the establishment of related public service and to require the course to establish a compulsory jurisdiction.
- All those planned in the remaining rights laws.
Rights of Foreigners
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According to art.We have 137 of the Constitution that the State is organized territorially into municipalities, provinces and autonomous regions to be established. All these entities – proceeds that article – are free to manage their respective interests. This quote from two letters defining the municipality, “a) The municipality is the result of one of the ways in which the State is organized territorially. -B) The municipality, as the other above, is also a legal doctrine .- entity operates two concepts for the term: the naturalistic approach, which considers the city as a historical fact made by a community of families, to achieve all essential for life .- and legalistic approach, that means the municipality as a result of laws .- prevailing doctrine between the two positions as defined in Law 7 / 1985 on April 2: “the municipality is the basic element of territorial organization of the state. It has legal personality and capacity to the fulfillment of its purposes “.- municipality elements are: land, people and organization, as defined in the law 7/85.- the municipality, is the territory where the City exercises its competencias.-Owing noted that: a) A Spanish town belongs to a single province-b) The term consists of continuous areas, but lack of continuity may be maintained that are recognized .- c) The division of municipal areas and neighborhoods is the responsibility of Ayuntamiento.-The creation of municipalities, as well as alteration of municipal boundaries shall be regulated by an Act of the Autonomous Communities (in the case of Valencia provided for in art. 64 of the Statute Autonomy). In any case require a hearing of the municipalities concerned and the opinion of the State Council or the equivalent in the region (in our case, the Consell JurÃdic Consultiu). “The resulting municipalities have sufficient resources to assume municipal responsibilities allocated to them and not assume a decrease in the quality of the services that were being provided .- the abolition of a municipality may be for the following reasons, fusion of 2 or more municipalities, in this case they all die out, creating a new one than the above and the incorporation of a municipality to another or other neighboring .- for the demarcation and delimitation of the municipal councils each of the parties concerned with the dividing line , appointed a commission to verify the operation in question .- the name of the municipalities may be, for all purposes, in Castilian, or another official language of the ca, or both.