The Evolution of Society: From Divine Rule to Modern State
Creations: The Legitimacy of Power
The legitimacy of power is given by a superior being (the existence of God). According to the Jews, the year 5770 was the creation of Genesis. God gave power to an elected individual and bestowed upon him the attributes for this.
Create = Power Law
Contract: Thomas Hobbes
In the seventeenth century, Leviathan. The foundation is not God, and they had to attack the church; the church was the bourgeoisie. Questioning the monarchy was to challenge power. The monarch torpedoed the economy. They were to attack the foundations of God’s power. The basis of power is the people. If the state is a social contract, those are delivered in the contract of power.
Materials
Scientific explanation, which is verifiable; it can be shown. Science is the ability to observe reality, the truth of something. In 1859, Charles Darwin, in his work The Origin and Evolution of Species, stated that things are changing processes and long periods and exposed real events. The state is formed from a military and bureaucratic apparatus that regulates and controls.
Savagery
Lower Stage
Men remained in tropical or subtropical trees; living in this way is how they survived the great beasts. The maximum process this time, according to Engels, is articulated language.
Middle Stage
Starts with the use of fish and other seafood in the diet and the use of fire. Fire is a major element in the evolution of man. Cannibalism appears to have developed in this stage.
Upper Stage
Starts with the invention of the bow and arrow; this is best done by hunting. We already see some evidence of permanent residence in villages and the production of vessels and utensils.
Barbarism
Lower Stage
Begins with the introduction of pottery. At this stage, you begin to feel the difference in conditions between the two great continents, as the eastern continent had almost all the animals and the western continent had maize.
Middle Stage
In this stage began the domestication of animals and the growing of vegetables in the west.
Upper Stage
Displays the iron plow, cultivation of large-scale land, poetry, and Greek culture as the main legacy left over from barbarism to civilization.
Family
Morgan saw the family as the active element; it never appears long but passes parked in a lower to a higher as the company moves from a lower grade to a higher one.
Before starting to develop, the family lived in promiscuity.
The Biological Family
Spouses are classified into groups. Ancestors and descendants are excluded from the rights and duties of marriage; for example, marriage between parents and children.
Punalua Family
In this process, siblings are excluded from the reciprocal sex trade.
The Pairing Family
At this stage, a man lives with a woman, but polygamy and occasional infidelity remain the right for men.
Monogamous Family
Born of the pairing family, its ultimate triumph is one of the symptoms of rising civilization. Its purpose is to produce children whose paternity is indisputable.
The Iroquoian Gens
Gens is a Greco-Roman word Morgan used to designate a group that claims to be of common descent and is bound by certain social and religious institutions.
Athens
- A work of art.
- Born and raised in culture.
- And for that perfection, they sacrificed their lives.
- They lived on slave labor.
- Their political structure was the work of free men owners (men as things) created to ensure their power.
- They wanted equal citizenship, and at least one period of their history and the path of democracy ensured the freedom of their men.
Rome
- They believed the foundations of science.
- Of right and wrong.
- But they fell into imperialism, and this was sacrificed.
- They lived on slave labor.
- Their political structure was the work of free men owners (men as things) created to ensure their power.
- They wanted equal citizenship, and at least one period of their history and the path of democracy ensured the freedom of their men.