That is
Philosophy
Philosophy is an activity that involves thinking and reasoning about concepts and ideas whose meaning is commonly understood or taken for granted.
Philosophical activity is initiated, therefore, in asking questions about concepts by argument or reasoning.
The philosophy is primarily an effort to think for ourselves on very varied, but have in common to humans.
The origin of philosophy.
The term philosophy comes from Greek and means <<amor to sabiduría>>. The etymological sense of the word reflects the idea that philosophy is not a proper knowledge of the world, but is an attitude, a disposition that begins at the time of assuming ignorance about an issue or when the everyday becomes problematic.
Aristotle states that the philosophical attitude born of admiration for the world around us. Admiration for a person, for example, can lead us to want to know more about his life and his actions, is, in admiration, there is an implicit recognition of ignorance. At the same time, an aspiration to know everything that you admire.
The recognition of one’s ignorance is, therefore, one of the initial impulses that lead us to raise all sorts of questions and, ultimately, to true knowledge.
The questioning attitude is also a critical attitude, because it is not dogmatically accept claims or by arguments from authority.
QUESTIONS OF PHILOSOPHY
The first group of questions is called theoretical philosophy and focuses on reality and knowledge of the world.
The second group of questions follows a practical philosophy and focuses on human action and moral conduct.
SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION
Scientific explanations, like myths, are answers to questions that arise from the contemplation of nature. Any natural phenomenon, such as the movement of the stars, can become a scientific question. But unlike myths, which uses an invented story in which they appear extraordinary beings, science tries to describe the causes and the actual mechanisms that cause these phenomena. Scientific questions are specific and are aimed at solving a problem of nature.
The union of science and technology began in the Renaissance.
Scientific progress is based on the application of hypothetical-deductive method, which consists of the following steps:
-Identify the problem they want solved (observation)
-Formulate a hypothesis to explain the causes of this phenomenon.
“Designing experiments to compare this hypothesis with nature and determine if it is correct. If it is correct, our hypothesis becomes a scientific law, otherwise, we must reject this hypothesis and propose a new alternative.
Scientific activity is developed by formulating hypotheses that must then be confirmed or refuted by experience. If a hypothesis can not be derived observable consequences or experiments, it is not a scientific hypothesis.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SCIENCE AND MYTH
Scientific knowledge is based on observation and experimentation of facts, while the mythical story is a figment of imagination.
In CC’s provisional, if the facts invalidate the hypothesis, this is rejected, while the myth is intended to be real and undeniable because it is untestable.
The CC explains the theories and predict future outcomes while myth can not predict anything
The CC will know who said it, while the myth is anonymous.
The CC comes to describing the causes of these phenomena because, as the myth tells stories of supernatural beings.
The CC allows the world’s knowledge transformation through technology applications, while the myth does not help to transform anything.
Philosophical reasoning.
Consists of a reflection on some aspect of reality, the world or of human nature, which can not be answered by observations or experiments due to its abstraction or complexity.
The philosophical questions are very general, while the issues of how science is characterized by its concreteness.
However, the philosophical questions have meaning only if they appear from a particular problem in the world. The reality is the source of philosophical reflection.
Scientific questions are specific questions that are answered by an observation or experimentation, while the philosophical are general questions and answers by exposing arguments.
In addition to raising issues and reflect on concepts, philosophy has a social responsibility to denounce those beliefs or actions that are irrational and mythical.
PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE
In spite of differences, the philosophy keeps many links with science because both cases are rational and argumentative speeches and statements are developed logically and in both cases is drawn to the truth. One of the main objects of study of philosophy is the scientific activity. Philosophers ponder the fundamentals of the various sciences or the reality of some mathematical tools that scientists use. This is because to discuss a reality, one must know it before. And there are problems, such as those related to consciousness, which are so complex that they require to collaborate very closely and philosophers and scientists
BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY
Epistemology or theory of knowledge. Is devoted to study the possibility, origin and limits of knowledge. Also asked about the criteria of truth. Epistemology refers to all the knowledge we acquire, including scientific knowledge.
Philosophy of Science, is devoted to study what science is, to define and thus distinguish it from other discourses that are not science but pseudo-scientific.
Logic. It is the part of philosophy that studies valid reasoning, ie those that guarantee reaching true conclusions if we started from true premises.
Metaphysics. Is the reflection of all that exists and for this reason is also the more general discipline.
Aesthetics. It deals with the problem of art and tries to answer the question of what is beauty
PHILOSOPHY AND ITS HISTORY
What you never miss a philosopher is the knowledge of their own tradition. In fact, a very important part of philosophical studies that are currently dealing with past authors.
Interesting reasoning to defend a particular argument or, conversely, erroneous view that need debunking.
an aspect, however, may cause confusion is the diversity of opinions that exist on any subject.
As they say comte-spon-ville and Fuc ferry. <<The philosophy is a Long Quiet River, where everyone can catch their truth. It is a sea in the face a thousand waves, where a thousand opposing currents, are sometimes intermingle, separate, meet again, oppose again … Each one is sailing as you can and that’s what you called philosophizing.