Speech Genres, Modes of Discourse, and Textual Analysis
Speech Genres
Planned Texts:
- Conference: A formal presentation delivered to an audience.
- Interview: A dialogue where an interviewer asks questions to obtain information.
- Debate and Conversation: Exchanges of views guided by a moderator.
Unplanned Texts:
- Conversation: A spontaneous exchange of ideas without a plan or agenda.
Modes of Discourse
Narrative:
- Relates events involving characters in a specific time and space.
- Elements: Narrator, narrative structure, characters, space and time, language.
Description:
- Represents someone or something through language, focusing on its qualities.
- Types: Objective, subjective, prosography, etopeya, portrait, self-portrait, caricature, esperpento.
Dialogue:
- A communicative process where participants take turns speaking.
Exposition:
- Objectively explains a topic to convey knowledge.
- Types: Informative, specialized.
- Structures: Deductive, inductive, cause-effect, chronological, exemplification.
Textual Analysis
Subject:
- Performs the action of the verb.
- Identified by its agreement with the verb in number and person.
Substantification:
- Assigns the value of a noun to a word from another part of speech.
Complement Regime:
- Completes the meaning of an intransitive verb, introduced by a preposition.
Pronouns:
- Substitute Pronoun: Replaces a noun phrase.
- Reflexive Pronoun: Receives the action of the verb and performs the direct object function.
- Reciprocal Pronoun: Indicates that the action is performed and received by multiple subjects.
- Dative of Interest: Indicates the recipient of the action.
- Impersonal Pronoun: Appears in sentences without a subject.
- Passive Reflexive Mark: Indicates passive voice with an active verb in third person singular.