Spain: A Comprehensive Overview of Its Geography, Climate, and Population
The Uniqueness of Spain, the Space-Geographic
Spanish territory (between peninsular arch iber and measures and atl + CyM.medio mill km2) 2-The geographical features of Spain and its dynamics (1 * situation and position: + prednisone and western, 2mares, temperate climate med) (2 * configuration: solid consec: lat long and mountainous coast to coast, 600m) (3 * like trying crossroads: climate determined x) (atl cyclone processes and centers of high and low pr º, N-fir, beech and south-palmetto) (4 * pos.geo: Spanish and AF unit x the estrexoG) (5 * natural contrasts: 3, siliceous, or calcareous Caliceo, clayey or loamy.) Esp in 2: hum and seca.3 “The situation of Spain in the world
Relief Terrestre
1-Outline of the mainland and island relief (5C) available, peri, a massive relief, cut costs and there is little arch measures and atl (Eras: ark or prechamber: + 1ria or pale .– tenure: 600-200, folds or meso 2daria .– Herci: 200-60 – 3ari or Cenoz: 60-0,6) 2-relief lithological Peninsular Range Balearic or Canary (Cuandro)-sist central Toledo mountains, plateau
The Big Sets Morphostructural of the Iberian Peninsula, Balearic and Canary
1-The plateau and its units interiores1-meseta2 Chimes of the external-Units-meseta3 coasts or coastal-balear4 Peninsula and Canary Islands.
2-Chimes OF MESETALa plateau is surrounded everywhere except on the west by mountains that isolate the sea. These rims were originated because of the downhill folding. Galaico massif and the Montes de Leon closed the plateau on the northwest and isolate Galicia. Its surface is crossed by faults, resulting in rials. The 1st block form sunken or raised, ending in the inside gaining altitude until the end of the dorsal Gallega (1778m). Inside are the mountains of Leon, with peaks over 2000m. The Cantabrian Mountains occupies from Galicia to the Basque Country. Forms a great wall that prevents communication between the coast and inland, leaving the interior air masses. We differentiate 3 factors: – 1-Western Sector: Composed of quartzite and shale, coal origin – 2-Central Sector: Formed by secondary-age materials – 3-Montes Vascos: Spreading between the Cantabrian.The Iberian, occupies the eastern edge of the plateau. Most important features: most important Spanish-System. On the way they differ: “The northern part: Demand, Urbión, Onion and Moncayo-southern sector: inside is the outside meseteña and the Aragonese. Sierra Morena takes the edge southern plateau, consisting of Palaeozoic material. It has 1323m of altitude. 3-UNIT OUTSIDE THE PLATEAU consist of: * the northern Pyrenees, Catalan coastal mountain range and the Ebro Depression * South: Andalusian ranges and depression of the Guadalquivir Pyrenees occupy the Bay of Biscay to Cape Graus, 435km long, formed by a mountain barrier where they differentiate 2 zones: – 1-Pyrenees Axial: It is the core of the ridge and extends along a barrier of slate and granite, the highest crest of the range are: Puigmal, Aneto, Massif de la Madaleta .– 2-Prepirineo: Formed of limestone and Mesozoic, these 2 sets anticlines, which are in contact with the central Pyrenees mountains that form the interior and the lineup consists of small hills.Ebro depression located in the northwest peninsula. It was a stretch of sea where it was connected to the ocean. The materials transported by a perched lake as its thickness, the finest in the center of the depression and the thickest near the coast. Cordillera Costero Catalana closes the Ebro depression from the southwest to 250m long sticking with the Iberian and Pyrenees. It breaks down into 2 types: *- Transversely: Divided into the northern half consists of shale and granite and the other half of the secondary rocks .*- Longitudinally: Divided into, coastal mountain range (near the coast), coastal pre Depression (Girona-Tarragona) and pre coastal Cordillera Béticos Systems, located in Mulhacén and Veleta peaks are a lot of altitude. Includes 2 sets, the sub-Betic Cordillera, the intrabética Penibética and depression. Guadalquivir depression is a vast triangular plain of average altitude of 150m, very open to the Atlantic, reaching the coast 200 km wide contacts Through the sea marshes.4-COSTS OR COAST Peninsula and Balearic Islands – 1-The Balearic Islands: the islands consists of Majorca, Menorca, Ibiza, Formentera and Cabrera – 2-The Canary Islands: from east to west Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife , Gomera, La Palma and Hierro.
The Climate in Spain
1 climate-concept (the usual state of the atmosphere at a particular place in a period of at least 30 years) 2-elements of climate (t °, p °, atmospheric pres, sunshine, cloudiness and viento3 -climate factors (astronomical factors: important latitude, Geographical: low x Anxur marine influence and little cut costs, F.dinámicos: heads of the atmospheric circulation.)
UNIT 5: CLIMATE DOMAINS OF SPAIN 1-Criteria climática2-regional climates on the peninsula and the Balearic Islands (warm-cold: ocean: +800 º m.continental p: p º-600mm — warm-temperate: oceanic med: p º 700 — 500m continuous med: p º 700-300mm med subtrochanteric: p º 900-400mm med levan Balear: p º 400-700 liters soft t º 16 º C subdesert: p º-300mm)3-Climate Canario p º 250-500mm, t average 19 º and 21 º C and the temperature oscillation is weak 5-7 º C
Rivers of Spain
1-Red Basin: 2 char; asymmetry of the slopes of the plateau xla file poured into the Atlantic, and the irregularity of the contributions of factors influencing water .* Spanish rivers: WEATHER: different contrast between the GOD med rivers flow and atl. (river system) changes flow (nival) in high mountain rivers and streams in spring and summer (rain) flow depends p º (combined) own central mountains rivers, Iberian and Relief S.nevada .* and topography: basin hydro, hydro slope, slope and erosion-Watershed works hibráulicas2 major river basins and peninsular 2: vert and vert med.3 atl-regulation of the river courses Spain is the European country that is more regulated rivers. The natural reservoirs are rare, so we must resort to enclosed waters, including natural reservoirs differ in origin and karst origin Glaría
The Vegetation in Spain
.1 “The geographic diversity factors: The vegetation is rich in flora due to the large number of species. BIOGEOGRAPHICAL diversity is due to the variety of physical factors such as relief, lithology and climates that allow us to distinguish 3 regions biogeograficas.2-biogeographic regions: 3R: * Eurosiberian: North Atlantic climate, soft t º + cold and rain, deciduous vegetation, heathland and grassland .*- Med: rest and Balearic med climate with hot dry summers, plants require heat .*- Macaron: Canarias, characterized variety endemismos.3-Principal vegetation: deciduous and Landes: tall tree , great fall autumn leaves. + impt “beech, oak and deciduous forest, woodland evergreen pine forest: medium tree, gnarled, thick bark, deep roots and large branches with small leaves and leathery. The oak + tax drought tolerant and adapts to all types of soils and climates. The cork needs mild winters, humidity and siliceous soils.Mediterranean scrub: *- Maquia presents 3 types: shrubs, k may exceed 2m and grows in siliceous soil .*- Garriga: shrubs and bushes of small height, which requires limestone soils and dry steppe .*-: and thorny undergrowth. Bosques de Rivera: piyando river banks moisture ultimamnt, decrease x reservoirs. Vegetation Mountain: In the Pyrenees 3 stories: *- Subalpine: (1200-2400m) *- Alpine (3000m) snow when meadow *- kita Nival (more 3000m) lichens and mosses on rocks. Landscape of the Canary Islands (drawing) (baseline, inter, Termoceará, cana, supra)
ITEM 8: THE EVOLUTION OF POPULATION IN SPAIN IN S.XX1-The natural population dynamics No DE1 hab people from different births and occurs defunciones.1975 current demographic regime, with 20 years, and fall in cream and female fecundity x anticoncep.1976 work and improvements, low fertilizer foresees growth 2030, but advancement immigrants with high rates of fecund.mor low in 80 children xsexos and 3C2-The profesiones.mor Evoluciion of the Spanish population: large population updated xro always low, dense 11UE.escasa explains natural growth was slow avolu nineteenth mort x R.XX.cuando good improvements medicines … GC, Postgy natural gripe.sado (aagcl) + ( an, mu, ca, CyM) .2006-16añ population 15.6%, 15.7% +65, caused by aging … 80.3 añ. Active population grows x woman working alone has fallen x dependn high rate and studies.
ITEM 9: MIGRATION MOVEMENTS AND REPERCURSIONES TERRITORIALES1-spatial movements of population, people are displacements x sociales.2-economic causes or internal migration: XIX, intensity xro + 60, x improvement, different interior CAPTURE 5:-Growth : 1930, when people go to 1-Stagnation urbanizadas. areas: to 1950 + with the war and postwar exodus stops, and favors that people stay in rural and policies are made Colonization-Mayor cret º : increased movement because temporary migration mecha-campo.: work done in certain 1momento certain intercity estaciones.-Migration: Is the movement that occurs between cities in the same province or provinces diferentes.3-external or international migration: migration XIX import most economic problems, farmers and miners XX.XIX look for improvements in the migration to Europe agricult.Las began with the flight to France after the civil war, but stopped with the outbreak of World War II was resumed between 1950 and 75. Population in the area because of its mechanization, part is absorbed by industry, but the surplus becomes unemployed and migration-emigra.Las Demographic consequences: since the male population decreased-Economics: helped to alleviate unemployment in the areas Social-poor: there were development problems.
ITEM 10: DEVELOPMENTS IN SPAIN: MORPHOLOGY AND STRUCTURE URBANA1-term urban settlement and city: 10,000 hab urbanized country. This process developed S.XX.distribución higher in coastal cities and Madrid, and lowest in the area of the ring-interior.2 urbanization process in Spain: * Urba Prein: S. XIX, 1 cities trading factories of Phoenician origin. With the Roman, rose, and k the irregular plane built along with military camps … The forum was crossing this main buildings. Among Roman cities created 1red