Satellite TV Receiving Station: A Comprehensive Guide to Components and Types

Posted on Aug 5, 2024 in Electronics

Satellite TV Receiving Station

Components

  • Antenna: Captures signals from the satellite and converts them into an electrical signal.
  • Outdoor Unit: Receives the signal from the reflector and is located at the focus of the parabola.
  • Indoor Unit: Processes the IF signals from the outdoor unit and provides a radio frequency signal in the UHF band.

Types of Reflectors

  • Centric Focus Antenna: Concentrates the signal received by the antenna, yielding 60%.
  • Offset Parabolic Antenna: Avoids the shadow on the parabolic reflector, yielding 70%.
  • Flat Antenna: Captures signals from high-powered circular or square satellites.

Feeder

  • Horn: Receives electromagnetic waves reflected from the parabolic shape.
  • Waveguide: Directs the electromagnetic waves to the probe.
  • Probe: Transforms the electromagnetic wave signals into a high-frequency electric current.

Outdoor Unit

  • Polarizer: Divides signals into linear or circular polarizers.
  • LNB Converter: Converts the microwave signal at a lower frequency band.

LNB Types

  • Universal LNB: Switches polarity discrimination and selects satellite bands.
  • TWIN LNB: Two universal LNBs in a single enclosure.
  • Quatro LNB: Four different outputs for all satellite channels.
  • Quad LNB (Octo): Quatro LNB with a multiswitch for 4 or 8 outputs.