Outsourcing Fundamentals and Radiation Protection in Construction
Fundamentals of Outsourcing and Radiation Protection: Contract __A__
In January 2007, contract law (Law 20123) was implemented. The President mentioned that one of its main goals was to create more and better jobs and build modern industrial relations that are fair and balanced. The origin of this law had its genesis in large inequalities and the lack of clear employment regulations on subcontracting, where the contractors and subcontractors are mostly well below present standards with respect to its constituents, mainly from the point of view of social security.
Among the essential aspects of the law are considered:
- Labor Contract;
- Company of Transitional Services;
- Article 66 bis of Law 16,744;
- Company Home;
- Management System Safety and Health at Work;
- Contractor and Subcontractor;
- Joint Committee on Task;
- Department of Slaughter Risk Prevention;
- Special Regulation Contractor and Subcontractor;
- Circular 2345 SUSESO.
Radiation Protection Regulation: Legal Aspects
The incorporation of radioactive sources and technologies, therefore the emission of ionizing radiation, has in recent times had a growing use in the construction industry. The equipment used includes:
- Nuclear Density Meters: Used to determine the density and moisture in soil and asphalt, because of the great benefits in the delivery of information densities and moisture in real-time, avoiding time-consuming laboratory analysis;
- Equipment for Industrial Radiography and Scintigraphy: Used for certification of the quality of the welding of metal structures such as joints, welds in critical equipment such as pipelines, metal structures, and in the case of the scan to control levels, flows, and thickness, etc., with significant benefits in precision and timing of the results available for evaluation.
The incorporation of technologies with the use of ionizing radiation has an important benefit. However, it is associated with significant hazards and risks when making inappropriate use of these, so care must include preventive measures to avoid accidents, by adopting the recommendations issued by the International Commission on Radiological Protection.
At present, there are countless cases of radiation accidents at the national and worldwide, with catastrophic effects on the person and the environment. To name a close case, we can mention the catastrophic accident at the Goiano Radiotherapy Institute in Goiania, Brazil (1985), where lack of information and ignorance about the handling of radioactive sources Cesium 137, for a “scrap” to demolish the building that was abandoned, was a disaster because they had direct contact with cesium chloride is highly soluble and easily dispersed, still considered a highly dangerous agent. In the accident, 249 people were directly affected, those that received high levels of exposure to filings in less than a month the first four affected died in hospital.
In Chilean construction, the main cause of accidents are generated in the operation and transportation of nuclear density meters, mainly because of lack of information, ignorance, and failure to respect legal provisions related to radiation protection. This is more than justified reason to understand the strong oversight of the health service during this last time, with regard to radioactive sources of the 2nd and 3rd category, as the first-class is controlled by the Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission.
Classification of Radiation:
- Ionizing;
- Non-Ionizing.
National Legislation Relating to Radiation Protection:
- Decree No. 3 / 85, Regulations for Radiation Protection Radioactive Facilities;
- Law No. 18,730, Nuclear Safety;
- Supreme Decree No. 133, Regulations on Authorization
Important Aspects of Radiation Protection at Construction Sites:
- Training in Radiation Protection;
- Import Statutory Approvals, Transportation, Operation, and Storage;
- Signs of Radioactive Sources;
- Biological Effects of Radiation;
- Types of Sources, Activity, and Dose Received;
- Practice Safe Work Procedures and to Operate Equipment Radioactive;
- Safety Distance (2.5 m Rem / hr.)
- Protection through the Shield;
- Surveillance and Control Program Radiation Dosimetry;
- Monitoring Instruments – Geiger Muller