Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines

Posted on Aug 26, 2024 in Law & Jurisprudence

1. Circumstances Leading to Lockout

The following circumstances can lead to a lockout:

  • Imminent danger of violence or serious harm to individuals or property.
  • Illegal occupation of the workplace or the possibility of such occurrence.
  • Disruption of the production process due to absence or irregularities in work.

2. Scope of the Convention

The convention’s scope includes:

Planning

Defines the geographical area (state, provincial, district, or local) where the convention applies.

Functional

Specifies the industry, sector, business activity, or facility where the convention applies.

Personal

The convention is binding on all workers and employers within the covered activities.

Temporary

The duration is agreed upon by the negotiating parties; its entry into force may be retroactive.

3. Concept of Occupational Accident or Disease

These are measures taken during work to protect the worker from potential risks and diseases.

4. Liability for Breach of Prevention Rules

Employers, contractors, and subcontractors may incur the following liabilities:

  • Administrative Responsibility: Failure to fulfill obligations may lead to disciplinary proceedings initiated by the Labor Inspectorate.
  • Civil Liability: Employers must compensate workers or their families for damages resulting from their actions.
  • Criminal Responsibility

5. Measures to Reduce or Prevent Damage

These measures aim to protect workers from the start to the end of their employment.

Workers use machines, materials, substances, and protective equipment while performing their duties.

To ensure safety, everything used must comply with legal requirements, to be respected by both employees and employers.

6. Personal Protective Equipment Requirements

The requirements are:

Ergonomics

Equipment should allow for normal worker movement and function.

Safety

Materials used should not cause harm, injury, or irritation to the worker’s health.

Convenience and Efficiency

Equipment should be as light and adaptable as possible.

Electrical Shock Protection

Equipment should minimize the flow of electrical current through the body.

Workers should also be provided with necessary respiratory protection.

7. Classification of Fires

  • Class A: Fires involving common solid materials, usually organic.
  • Class B: Fires involving flammable liquids.
  • Class C: Fires involving flammable gases.
  • Class D: Fires involving metals and radioactive chemicals.
  • Class E: Fires involving electrical equipment.

8. Classes of Smoke Detectors

  • Smoke Detectors
  • Heat Detectors
  • Thermovelocimetric Detectors: Signal a fire if the temperature rises rapidly.
  • Ionization Detectors
  • Optical Detectors: Detect infrared or ultraviolet radiation accompanying fires.

9. What is Triage?

Triage is a system for prioritizing medical treatment and evacuation of victims based on the severity of their injuries.

Patients are classified into four groups:

  • Priority 1: Immediate evacuation. Red card.
  • Priority 2: Secondary priority. Yellow card.
  • Priority 3: Minor injuries. Green card.
  • Priority 4: Deceased. Black card.

10. Purpose of Accident Investigation

The goals of accident investigation are:

  1. Determine exactly what happened.
  2. Identify the root cause.
  3. Implement corrective measures to prevent recurrence.

11. What is PAS?

PAS stands for Protect, Alert, and Assist.

  • Protect: Take action to secure the accident scene.
  • Alert: Call emergency services.
  • Assist: Provide aid to the injured, including checking for consciousness, breathing, and pulse.

12. Classification of Burns

Burns are classified as follows:

First-Degree Burns

Superficial burns affecting only the epidermis (outer layer of skin).

Second-Degree Burns

Burns involving the epidermis and part of the dermis.

Third-Degree Burns

Total burns destroying the epidermis and dermis. Characterized by white or charred appearance. Nerve endings are destroyed, resulting in no sensation. Bones and muscles may be affected.

Fourth-Degree Burns

Characterized by damage to muscles and bones. Can be caused by fire, hot liquids, electricity, hot objects, extreme cold, or freezing.

13. Structure of a Curriculum Vitae

A Curriculum Vitae typically includes the following sections:

  1. Personal Data
  2. Academic Background
  3. Additional Training (courses, seminars, languages, master’s degrees)
  4. Professional Experience (including internships)
  5. Other (driver’s license, travel)