Occupational Hazard Prevention: A Comprehensive Guide
Occupational Hazard Prevention
It is the activity aimed at promoting the improvement of working conditions to increase the level of health protection and safety of workers. The objective is achieved through the set of actions to be taken by:
- Businesses
- Workers
- Manufacturers, importers, suppliers of machinery, equipment, and working materials
- Government
The fulfillment of the obligations of each of these groups, and the exercise of rights thereof, is necessary for raising the level of health protection and safety of workers.
Basics:
- Prevention means all activities or actions taken or planned at all stages of business activity in order to avoid or reduce risks arising from working. The measures taken will be based on the following:
- Early preventive action:
- The employer shall implement measures that make up the general duty of prevention under the preceding article, under the following general principles:
- Avoid risks.
- Assess the risks that cannot be avoided.
- Combat the risks at the source.
- Adapt the job to the person, in particular as regards the design of jobs and the choice of the equipment and methods of work and production, with a view in particular, to alleviating monotonous, repetitive work and reduce its effects on health.
- Take into account the evolution of technology.
- Replace the dangerous by involving little or no danger.
- To plan for the prevention, seeking a coherent whole in it integrates technology, work organization, working conditions, social relations and the influence of environmental factors at work.
- Take measures precedence over collective protection to the individual.
- Giving appropriate instructions to workers.
2. It means working conditions any feature thereof may have a significant influence on the generation of safety hazards and worker health.
Are specifically included in this definition:
- The general characteristics of the premises, facilities, equipment, and other useful products available in the workplace.
- The nature of the physical, chemical and biological agents present in the work environment and their corresponding intensities, concentrations or levels of presence.
- The procedures for the use of the aforementioned agents that influence the generation of these risks.
- All those other features of work, including those relating to its organization and management, that influence the magnitude of the risks to which the worker is exposed.
3. Occupational risk is understood as the possibility that a worker suffers damage from a particular job. To qualify a risk in terms of severity, will be assessed jointly the probability of occurrence of damage and severity.
Risks can be classified as follows:
- Mechanical: risks associated with the conditions of premises, facilities, equipment, and tools
- Environmental: those relating to physical hazards (noise, vibration, lighting, temperature, radiation), chemical (dusts, gases, fumes, etc.) and biological (virus, bacteria, etc.).
- Psychosocial: derivatives of work organization and management.
4. Damage is considered as unearned diseases, disorders or injuries or on the occasion of the job.
The main professional damages are the occupational accidents, occupational diseases and other such as chronic fatigue and premature aging.
Main professional damages:
- The accident:
Injury suffered by the worker or as a consequence of paid employment. From the technical point of view, is the abnormal event, unloved and unwanted, resulting in the interruption of work, suddenly and unexpectedly and causes damage to persons and property. It is characterized by:- Continuation of paid employment (including self)
- Cause-effect relationship
- It occurs suddenly or sudden
- Produce an injury
- Occupational disease
It is considered that the disease contracted as a result of the realization of a gainful employment. From the technical point of view, it is considered an occupational disease gradual deterioration in the worker’s health as a result of continued exposure to adverse environmental conditions at work. It is characterized by:- Cause-effect relationship
- Exposure to negative environment continuously
- Slow and gradual development
- It must be included in the List of Occupational Disease Social Security.
- Other professional damages:
- Work Stress: The situation suffered by a worker when the demands of their work beyond the capacity of response of the same and feel threatened its stability. Some forms of stress are bullying, burnout
- Fatigue works: is the reduction of physical and mental capacity in a short time and with no possibility of recovery.
- Premature aging: non-specific phenomenon of wear caused by chronic fatigue accumulated and causes aging faster than normal.
- Job dissatisfaction: a mismatch between the aspirations of the worker and the occupation developed, resulting in demotivation and reluctance. It is caused by a negative work environment, lack of participation, monotonous tasks, etc.
Prevention Techniques The main prevention techniques are:
- Safety at Work:
Its goal is to eliminate accidents caused by the work environment. It is based on detecting and identifying risks, preventing them through training, design tools, etc. And protect against risks that cannot be avoided. - Industrial Hygiene:
Its objective focuses on preventing occupational diseases arising from environmental conditions (physical, chemical and biological weapons). - Ergonomics
Set of techniques that seek to adapt the job to the person and not vice versa. Its aim is that the worker have a comfortable position that does not cause discomfort. - Social psychology:
Its objective is to analyze the behavior of individuals in relation to occupational risks and how they affect the employment context in which they operate
Basic Course for Prevention Author: French Fidel Sánchez
French Fidel Sánchez
b) The nature of the physical, chemical and biological agents present in the work environment and their corresponding intensities, concentrations or levels of presence.
c) The procedures for the use of the aforementioned agents that influence the generation of these risks.
d) All those other features of work, including those relating to its organization and management, that influence the magnitude of the risks to which the worker is exposed.
3. Occupational risk is understood as the possibility that a worker suffers damage from a particular job. To qualify a risk in terms of severity, will be assessed jointly the probability of occurrence of damage and severity.
Risks can be classified as follows:
-mechanical to: risks associated with the conditions of premises, facilities, equipment, and tools
b-Environmental: those relating to physical hazards (noise, vibration, lighting, temperature, radiation), chemical (dusts, gases, fumes, etc..) and biological (virus, bacteria, etc.)..
c-psychosocial derivatives work organization and management.
4. Damage is considered as unearned diseases, disorders or injuries or on the occasion of the job.
The main damage professionals are the occupational accidents, occupational diseases and other such as chronic fatigue and premature aging.
Main professional damages:
1-The accident:
Injury suffered by the worker or as a consequence of paid employment.
From the technical point of view, is the abnormal event, unloved and unwanted, resulting in the interruption of work, suddenly and unexpectedly and causes damage to persons and property.
It is characterized by:
-Continuation of paid employment (including self)
“Cause-effect relationship
“It occurs suddenly or sudden
-Produce an injury
He believes the accident while traveling accident
2-Occupational disease
It is considered that the disease contracted as a result of the realization of a gainful employment.
From the technical point of view, it is considered an occupational disease gradual deterioration in the worker’s health as a result of continued exposure to adverse environmental conditions at work.
Basic Course for Prevention Author: French Fidel Sánchez
It is characterized by:
“Cause-effect relationship
“Exposure to negative environment continuously
“Slow and gradual development
“It must be included in the List of Occupational Disease Social Security.
3-Other professional damages:
“Work Stress: The situation suffered by a worker when the demands of their work beyond the capacity of response of the same and feel threatened its stability.
Some forms of stress are bullying, burnout
– Fatigue works l: is the reduction of physical and mental capacity in a short time and with no possibility of recovery.
– Premature aging: non-specific phenomenon of wear caused by chronic fatigue accumulated and causes aging faster than normal.
– Job dissatisfaction: a mismatch between the aspirations of the worker and the occupation developed, resulting in demotivation and reluctance. It is caused by a negative work environment, lack of participation, monotonous tasks, etc.
Prevention Techniques The main prevention techniques are:
1-Safety at Work:
Its goal is to eliminate accidents caused by the work environment.
It is based on detecting and identifying risks, preventing them through training,
design tools, etc. And protect against risks that can not be avoided.
2-The Industrial Hygiene:
Its objective focuses on preventing occupational diseases arising from environmental conditions (physical, chemical and biological weapons).
3-Ergonomics
Set of techniques that seek to adapt the job to the person and not vice versa. Its aim is that the worker have a comfortable position that does not cause discomfort.
4-The social psychology:
Its objective is to analyze the behavior of individuals in relation to occupational risks and how they affect the employment context in which they operate