Microbiology Benchmark Quiz: Topic 6 – Sterilization & Antimicrobial Agents

Posted on May 2, 2024 in Biology

Benchmark Quiz: Topic 6

Sterilization and Antimicrobial Agents

1. First person to use carbolic acid to prevent surgical infection

   1. Joseph Lister

2. A substance that has been pasteurized is

   1. Not considered sterile

3. Infection acquired in a hospital

   1. Nosocomial infection

4. Liquid media containing heat-sensitive components would best be sterilized by

   1. Membrane filtration

5. Most dependable method for the destruction of endospores

   1. Autoclave

6. Semi-critical instruments such as endoscopes must be free of

   1. Vegetative cells and viruses

7. Microwaves do not kill organisms directly but kill by

   1. The heat they generate in a product

8. One of the limitations of the autoclave is that

   1. Some plasticware melts in the high heat

9. In commercial canning, a 12D process is used to prevent

   1. Botulism

10. At a concentration of 70%, ethyl alcohol has virtually no effect on

    1. Bacterial endospores

11. A physician wants to remove bacterial endospores that may have contaminated her surgical instruments. Which chemical agent should she choose to disinfect?

    1. glutaraldehyde

12. Formaldehyde can be used in

    1. Gaseous or liquid form
    2. Is commonly used to preserve organisms and tissues
    3. Is an effective germicide that kills microbes quickly

13. Chlorhexidine is a biguanide that is used to

    1. Wash skin and mucous membranes

14. For sterilization of a heat or moisture-sensitive item, which of the following is the best choice?

    1. Ethylene oxide

15. Halogen that is commonly used for skin antiseptic is

    1. Iodine

16. Heavy metal that is used on the eyes of newborn infants is

    1. Silver-nitrate solution

17. Which combination of oxidizing agents is more powerful when used together?

    1. Hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid

18. Phenol can

    1. Destroy cytoplasm in the membranes and denature proteins
    2. Is an effective antimicrobial in the presence of detergents and other organic compounds
    3. Produces compounds like triglosins that are used in soaps

19. QUATS (quaternary ammonium compound) can destroy

    1. Vegetative bacteria

20. Chemical that can inhibit the growth of Clostridium botulinum in processed meat is

    1. Nitrite

21. Some bacteria like Pseudomonas are problematic because they

    1. Can grow in QUATS and iodine tinctures

22. Food can be preserved by

    1. Addition of salt
    2. Addition of sugar
    3. Lyophilization

23. Ultraviolet radiation at the bactericidal wavelength can destroy bacteria by producing

    1. Thymine dimers in the DNA

24. Of the following, the most efficient method for sterilization of a bacteriological transfer (inoculating) loop

    1. Placing it in a direct flame

25. The first antimicrobial drug used to treat syphilis was discovered by

    1. Paul Ehrlich

26. Salvarsan and Protonsal are

    1. Chemotherapeutic agents

27. Penicillin was discovered/isolated from

    1. Mold

28. Low therapeutic index is

    1. More toxic to the patient

29. The autoclave treatment may be monitored by

    1. Heat-sensitive tape
    2. Heat-resistant endospores Geobacillus thermophilus

30. Chemicals that interfere with bacterial growth are

    1. Bacteriostatic

31. When the identity of a pathogen has been determined, one would likely treat it with

    1. Narrow-spectrum antimicrobials

32. Drugs that interfere with each other when taken together are

    1. Antagonistic

33. Mycoplasma is increasingly resistant to penicillin because it

    1. Lacks a cell wall

34. Lowest drug concentration that inhibits bacterial growth is

    1. MIC (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration)

35. Antibacterial medication that contains a beta-lactam ring interferes with

    1. Peptidoglycan synthesis

36. Beta-lactamase

    1. Cleaves the beta-lactam ring and provides resistance to penicillin

37. All aminoglycoside antibiotics function by

    1. Attaching to bacterial ribosomes

38. Range of activity for tetracycline is essentially similar to the range of activity of

    1. Chloramphenicol

39. Fluoroquinolones target

    1. DNA synthesis

40. Sulfanilamide acts by

    1. Competitively inhibiting folic acid biosynthesis

41. Isoniazid is used to

    1. Treat patients with TB by targeting water molecules in the bacteria and mycolic acid layer

42. Kirby-Bauer test is used for

    1. Determining which antibiotic may be employed to treat an infection

43. Which of the following is not a mechanism of antibiotic resistance?

    1. Modification of binary fission

44. R plasmids

    1. Carry extrachromosomal genes coding for drug resistance

45. Nucleoside analogs target

    1. Nucleic acid synthesis and viral infections

46. Gamma rays can be used for sterilization because

    1. They can cause damage to DNA and other biologically important molecules

47. Viruses present unique challenges for drug treatment because

    1. They use host cell machinery for replication

48. Flucytosine, letrozole, and risofloben are all

    1. Antifungal antibiotics (drugs)

49. Why would you not co-administer a bacteriostatic drug with penicillin?

    1. It would prevent bacterial growth and make the penicillin ineffective.

50. Why would antimicrobials that have toxic side effects be used for treatment?

    1. We want to have a wide variety of drugs to choose from in order to effectively eliminate infections.