Mesopotamia: The Cradle of Civilization

Mesopotamia, located in present-day Iraq and parts of Syria and Turkey, is characterized by its fertile land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. It’s a region of flat plains, periodic flooding, and limited natural barriers, making it vulnerable to invasions. The rivers provided water for irrigation, facilitating agriculture, and enabling the growth of early civilizations such as Sumer, Akkad, Babylon, and Assyria.