Key Events and Figures in Franco’s Spain
Case Mates
One of the largest political and economic scandals in Spain during the last stage of the dictatorship, the Case Mates scandal broke on July 23, 1969, when the Customs director Matesa complained before the Court of monetary crimes, which involved the company and imprisoned the businessman and major shareholder of the company, Juan Vila Reyes.
Basic Laws
A set of eight laws governing the powers of the state during the regime of General Franco. More than a constitution, a charter was granted, since they had not been prepared or approved by elected representatives.
Political Association Act
Adopted by the Francoist Cortes in 1974, it first authorized the creation of structures of political participation than the National Movement.
Press Law
Enacted during the Civil War with the aim of abolishing the Republican press, turning the whole of the press into a state institution serving in a similar way as was done in other countries, both fascists and communists.
Non-belligerency
Passed after the fall of the Third French Republic, when German troops were at the peak of its military heyday, it was a cunning stunt with which to save Spain from the ravages of war generalizable to the rest of the hemisphere.
National Catholicism
The Catholic nationalism is the name under which it is known one of the distinguishing ideological Franco’s dictatorial regime with which Francisco Franco ruled Spain between 1936 and 1975. Its most visible manifestation was the hegemony that was the Catholic Church in all aspects of public and even private life.
INI
A state entity created by Spanish Juan Antonio Suances to promote industrial development in Spain. It was created during the period of autarky Franco (1939-59) in an act of September 25, 1941.
University Events 1956
In college student organizations appeared before the officer spañol universtario union, compulsory, in February 1956 came the first student incidntes. No serious herids Madrid. You are tndencias groups had different policies. Social movimients also emerged as neighborhood associations, cultural groups, religious grups.
Green March
King of Morocco in October 1973 organized the Green March, peaceful invasion dl ke Sahara territory mobilized tens of thousands d civilians. Facing the danger d a war with Morocco No such a delicate moment, Spain opto x falter.
Burgos Process
Summary trial of sixteen on December 3, 1970 in Burgos, charged under death penalty – among other crimes – of killing three people and belong to the terrorist organization ETA. The trial and its consequences after the pardon of a conviction, after the international impact, demonstrations and acts of solidarity across the country or the support of the Catholic Church, was a key moment in the last years of Franco’s regime, which was aimed at a democratic transition.
Congress in Munich
The Munich Conspiracy was a pejorative term, coined by the Falange newspaper Arriba, with the Franco regime gave to ridicule the Fourth Congress of the European Movement, held in the Bavarian capital between and June 8, 1962, on a wave of strikes miners in Asturias. Participated in 118 Spanish politicians of all persuasions opposed to the Franco regime, both inside and in exile, except the Communist Party of Spain.
Membership in the EU
On 1 January 1986 Spain became a full member in the European Union. The entrance required the country to open its economy with a strong increase in foreign investment in Spain’s modernization drive and a Spanish company with foreign competition.
Personalities
Serrano
(1901-2002). In 1933 and in 1936 he was elected the first government CEDA.en Franco, took the interior portfolio, a post he combines with q chairman of the Board Policy JONS.en FET and the second term, was first minister Interior and Foreign Affairs after. Was the first major new aritifices the Francoist state.
Artajo Martin
(1905-1979). Holds the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from 1945 to 1957.su management was to achieve global acceptance of the Franco regime, offering a new image as a defender of caolicismo, q did forget his earlier links with fascist powers. Fruits of their labor were the Concordat with the Vatican, a treaty with the U.S. and Spain joined the UN.
Joaquin Ruiz Gimenez
(1913) In the Vatican dnde emabajador made important steps for the subsequent signing of the Concordat. In 1951 was appointed Minister of Ed.Nacional. Turn imposed a more tolerant and liberal educational policy. Later evolved into open opposition to the Franco regime. Founded the magazine Cuadernos.
Luis Carrero Blanco
(1903-1973) Was professor at the Naval War College in Madrid when civil war broke out. Joined the army of the rebels Nrote. He combines his military career with senior politicians, by the side of the dictator. Died of an ETA attack in December 1973.fue the most faithful and loyal servant of frank and a clear example of the integrity of the regime. Was the great caretaker of the technocrats of Opus Dei.
Marcelino Camacho
(1918). Igreso to 17 years in the Communist Party. At the beginning of the civil war the Republican aa step. Passage through several concentration camps and labor. Was arrested on several occasions. Is without doubt one of the most dstacadas of the continuing struggle of thousands of communists against Franco’s dictatorship d, and the brutal repression of q were victims.
Alberto Ullastes
(1914). I am part of Opus Dei. From the Ministry of Commerce launched the Stabilization Plan and established relations with the European Economic Community to broker an agreement in 1970. Was the first Spanish ambassador to the EEC, the ECSC and the ombudsman appointed CEEA.fue Banco de Bilbao.