IIWW
The IIWW was a military conflict that took place between 1939 and 1945. The war involved almost all of Europe countries, Japan, the United States, China and the European colonies in North Africa, Asia and Oceania. This countries employed all the available resources to defeat the economy, including human, military, economy and scientific resources. In addition, war was waged against the whole population, both military resources and the civilian population.
Now I am going to say the causes of this war. One of this causes is that the nationalist were discontent because at the end of the IWW, Germany and Italy were unhappy. Germany was unhappy because the Treaty of Versailles had obliged it to give up territory to Poland and Czechoslovakia, areas with a large German population. Italy was unhappy because it hadn’t been given the territories it wanted in the Mediterranean, despite being one of the victorious countries. Another cause was the economy protectionism that during the great depression of the 1930s, European governments adopted protectionist policies to reduce imports These measures forced countries to find new markets for their products.These increased tension between countries. Expansionist policies was another one. This said that Germany, Italy and Japan wanted to expand their territories in order to acquire more raw materials and satisfy their territorial demands. And the last one, was the appeasement policies that GB supported a policy of appeasement towards Germany and Italy. The first phase was the Axis offensive in Europe, Africa and Asia between 1939-1942. In Europe, Germany won various vitories due to its strategy of blitzkriegs , which were rapid, successive attacks on the enemy front. The element of surprise and combination of air attacks and land attacks gave Germans decisive advantage. In 1939 Hitler invaded Poland, and Poland was divided into the USSR. In 1940 Hitler invaded Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and France. In the Battle of England,Germany attacks with the Luftwaffe but UK resists. In the Battle of the Atlantic, Germany stops the supply to UK. Germany fight UK in Africa and conquer North Africa, Yugoslavia and Greece in 1941. Hitler attacks the USSR in the Operation Barbarossa and reaches Moscow. Japan attacks Pearl Harbour. USA enters the war.Germany and Italy invade Greece and Yugoslavia. Hungary, Romania, Slovakia and Bulgaria join the Axis. AXIS BERLIN-ROME-TOKYO SEEMS TO BE INVINCIBLE. The second phase, defeat of the Axis in Africa between 1942-1943. During this phase of the war, there was a radical change in the balance of power, the Axis suffered its first major defeat. In 1942, the war in Africa ended due to the military collaboration between GB and United States. Since USSR and USA join the Allies, The war starting changing. USA defeats Japan in the Battle of Midway. UK defeats Germany in Africa in the Battle of El Alamein. In 1943, the USSR defeated Germany in Stalingrad. The Allies invade the Mediterranean and defeat italy. And in the third phase, the final Allied advances in Asia and the Pacific between 1942.1945. In the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway in 1942, the Japanese were defeated and they lost control of some of the Pacific lands. In 1945, USA and the UK,attacks from the west, the USSR attacks from the east. Battle of river Elbe. In April, Hitler commits suicide. In May Germany surrender. And in August, the president Truman from the USA bombs Japan (Hiroshima+Nagasaki). Japan surrenders. The economy and the society during the war. Between 1939 and 1945, the European countries established a wartime economy with the main objective of supplying arms to the troops, Various measures were adopted in order reachive this. Raw material such as coal, iron and nickel were overexploited, Petroleum extraction increased, The consumer goods industries concentrated on manufacturing military vehicles and Scientific and technical research led to the development of new weapons.The IIWW affected almost the entire population of the world because of the ñarg number of countries that were involved in the war. Investment in military resources had negative effect on the society, Part of the population was evacuated to rural areas and Many people had to change their habits. Then the Holocaust was a systematic extermination of Jewish people led by the Nazis during the IIWW, in all countries occupied by the Axis powers. Hitler’s racial policies aimed at the extermination of the entire Jewish race, which he believed to be inferior to the Aryan race. This process had various phases. Peace and creation of the UN. In 1945, before the end of the IIWW, USA the president Roosevelt, UK the Prime Minister Churchill and in the USSR Stalin met to draw up the peace treaties. In the YALTA, The Allies occupy Germany and Japan. The USSR receives part of Poland. And the creation of the United Unions. and in the POTSDAM, Germany divided into four zones, disarmed, war criminals prosecuted (Nuremberg Trials against Nazi leaders) and USA controls Japan. The objectives of the UN were to maintain international peace, protect humanity from further wars, defend basic human rights, including the right of national self-determination. The IIWW was the biggest armed conflict in history. It had significant demographic. economic, political and territorial consequences. And the Decolonisation was the process through which the former colonies in Asia, Africa and Oceania became independent. Between 1947 and 1975, practically all of the colonial empires disappeared and new nations were created.
Between 1947 and 1991, The COLD WAR was the end of the alliance. Stalin said that Germany will be communist, the communist was spread by the Molotov plan. Truman said that you’re imposing communism in Yugoslavia, Poland and Latvia. We will suport capitalism with the Marshall Plan.