History iv
Instrument of cultural struggle founded by Niedermeyer 1853, School of classical and religious music to educate the generation of Saint-Saens, Faure enn DÍndy and love for Beethoven, the German Romantics and French eighteenth. Contunua line postroanticismo, wagnwrismo.
César Franck 1822-1890
Mystic composer, his work still remains much influence of Romanticism. carry a high degree of perfection in the cyclic form of the sonata structure, so that is to develop all the work using special themes very short, which recur with various modifications in each of the constituent parts of the sonata exerting a regulatory function and unifying. Symphony in D minor, of vast proportions and a noble and sustained inspiration, is one of the best symphonies ever written after Beethoven, and the Symphonic Variations for piano and orchestra, wonderful work for piano technique that develops.
The major compositions for piano are: Prelude, Choral and Fugue and the Prelude, Aria and Finale, works in which sense the influence of Bach, and are also very beautiful for originality and perfection of form, and by the beauty of the themes developed in them. most remarkable that wrote for the organ are the Three Choirs of imposing architecture and superb sound.
Three features: ‘Search linguistic complexity
-Love-Escape by ways operatic fashion (he considers mere frivolous entertainment, opera-comique)
Saint-Saëns 1835-1921 Organist improviser known for his character, admired Liszt and Wagnerism. His piano music is a lounge and opportunity to demonstrate his virtuosity. Academics Mantoiene against the renewal of Stravinsky and Ravel. Third Symphony, 1886, Fifth Piano Concerto and the opera Les barbares 1901. Thematic calls are continuous, with symphonic intensity effects, melody, harmonic tension. Liszt referred to by the vastness and freedom of improvisation in construction.
Judy Vincent D’1851-1931
In favor of Wagnerism and complexity susu symphonic compositions, representing the pedantry of the Germanophiles. In the Debussy finished his grand opera Fervaal on French medieval myths, not unlike the Germans of Wagner. Also, symphonic variations Istar 1896 and the Sinfonia in B minor 1903
Fauré 1845-1924
Is a disciple of Saint Saens, Niedermeyer school student and admirer of Wagner. Solo musician figure, devoid of programmatic statements, away even from the standpoint of taste, it was not a composer or opera or symphonies. makes chamber music, heading for that area in the quartet and quintet, small pieces composed for the opera pianoPara Promethee, which was commissioned for outdoor wing interpretation, and charging his time orchestrating a pupil. Romantico, musician craftsman.
Neo-nationalism 1
Thus we can consider two distinct stages in National:
1. The first takes place in the second half of the nineteenth century with features of romantic. Stressed at this stage, among others, for which Russian composers often romantic music of the first nationalism was not only an affirmation of local music but also an attack on certain political autocracies because, especially in Russia, even well into century slavery remained in force and the effects of the French Revolution had barely llegado.2. The second occurs in the twentieth century and represents a renewed musical language through the extraction of elements inherent in renovating the national music. Failure is the case in Spain and Bartók in Hungary
Bela Bartok 1881-1945
Stay in BudapestSus first compositions are estryuctuta slow-quick-slow imitation of Liszt. In 1904 leaves the field to do their jobs, Collecting music. The roots of music are the peasants and believed that music is in town. Use the wax phonograph, and wrote articles for leave librso and reflect its trabajos.Para Bartok nationalism via instrumental drift. Step three stages of the creation of popular music integrated into art music. “The influence of country music in the music industry,” “Meet the music just like your own language. “To know bilingüe. be there to experience it-to compose aspects should be taken rhythmic, melodic and harmonic
Make three studies of assimilation of folklore:
1.La country music provides accompaniment to the original melody remains unchanged or with little variation and eventually adds postludio.2.El prelude or composer does not employ any but the original melody imitates. 3.No uses original melody or imitation but creates an atmosphere that people play the same effect.
The piano pieces, Romanian Dances, Ballet 1918: Contrast 1936; Sardas Zenekar Kaiko; This has a certain relationship with Spring by Stravinsky. This in the 2nd stage. From 1920 uses new twists, pentatonic modes, it is beyond the major and minor modes and various bars to the point of not putting the splitter bar. The original melody is monophonic but adds 7th, 5th collecting ideas for ballets by Debussy, go beyond the traditional scope.
For popular music Bartok departing qjue impulses directly impacted on the expressiveness and the essence of music such as overcoming major and minor modes, new rhythms, melodies and timbres. In his work there are three stages in the development of popular material: direct reception, with accompanying motivic reworking of the material, start-ups in popular style (C. de viola)
The allegro barbaro 1911 is a demonstration before a new style Stravinsky, Rough percussion with piano. Got no great success until 1923 with the suite of dances. The decade of the 30’aporta a number of mature works with a voluptuous sound and harmonious proportions. His teaching Mikrocosmos realizes his music: bitonality exposed in pentatonic mode, fourth in series built outside any, Wiring plan, disonancisa, rates of 7 eighth Bulgarian style. The String Quartet No. 6, 1939. Viola begins with a dirge, and despite the coloring is as simple as a popular work.