Hispanic America’s Independence: A Liberal Wave
INDEPENDENCE HISPAROAMERICA:
liberalism swept America Española.Como result, between 1814 and 1824 were the processes of independence that ended Spanish domination in America, except Cuba and p.Rico.CARAC. OF MOV. OF INDEP.: Hispanoamerica society: Spanish, Creoles, blacks and Indians were mestizos.1La elitela Spanish and Creole criollos.Laminoria was the social group most poderoso.Aunque its members controlled the economy, were unhappy because the Spanish directed policy and revenue collection taxes, and because the Spanish trade monopoly was españoles.2.La ports most of the poblacionestaba cmpuesta by Indian and mestizo negros.Trabajaban as voucher, miners and siervos. / Creoles were the group that starred movements independencia.El liberalism and nationalism were ideologicas.3La bases liberal ideology was well known to the Creoles, who followed the models provided by the U.S., the RF and Cons. Spanish in Cadiz (1812) .4 The naciolanismo is reflected in the formation of a Creole consciousness different from española.Los Indians, mestizos and blacks only supported independence in the later stages of the mov.
And only when it was associated with sociales.LA reindivicaciones FIRST PHASE OF INDEPENDENCE (1808-1815): It all started after the power vacuum that was created in Spain during the War of 1810 was organized different ind.
En Together, they began to form own armies and to establish relations diploaticas conEEUU and liberal governments formed GB.Incluso revolutionary constitutions enacted and took a regimen republicano.El return of King Ferdinand VII to the throne (1814) involved the restoration of Spanish power, which retrieves all mean the territories that had lost except the River Plata.LA SECOND PHASE OF IND. (1814-1824): The restoration of Ferdinand VII’s absolutist intolerable for klas colonies and favored the success of the movement insurgentes.El temperature and climate comoenzo, under the influence of General San martin became independent in the Congress of Tucumán (1816). Subsequently, General San Martin crossed the Andes and got the victory
Chacabuco, which sealed the independence of Chile (1818). In the north, Simón Bolívar, gained independence from Colombia and proclaim enAngostura Gran Colombia, which he conceived as seeds of future U.S. From South America, and I associate Veneuela and more Later, Ecuador. This personal project lasted until his death (1830). Taking advantage of political instability during the Liberal Triennium Spanish, there was a mov. Definitivo.En 1821 there was a simultaneous attack from north and south of Bolivar and San Martin to Vierreinato Peru.
This area got defined. The ind. (1821) following the principles of the Plan of Iguala (Roman Catholic religion, rational and equal constitutional monarchy) and come to mexico emperador.Finalmente appointed Federal Republic was proclaimed (1824). The ind. Influential in Central Mexico, where they came to proclaim independence the United Provinces of Central America (1823) as a single state, broke into 1828.EL qe ART IN THE TIME OF THE REVOLUTION: In the first half of the nineteenth century remained the Neoclassicism and appreciate a new artistic style, the Neoclassical Romanticismo.EL MAINTENANCE: When the RF burst, neoclassical artistic style dominante.Se was maintained during the revolution and the imperionapoleonico, but neglect their academic subjects, custom and court, to become a witness of accountability. Momento.1En historical architecture step by erecting triumphal arches and columns memorial as Vendôme column, erected by Napoleon to celebrate his vict.Austerlitz.2Canova in the battle of portraits of Napoleon and his family, emphasizing the sculpture of Pauline Bonarparte.3Jacques-Louis David was the official painter of the RF, which reflect on works as the Oath of the Tennis Court or The Death of Marat . Later Napoleon.EL paint the coronation of Romanticism: the Napoleonic wars brought a new contact culturaoriental, which began to influence the culture europea.Ad + mv. Thoroughly renewed revolutionary ideas and lifestyles, leading to a new trend, the romanticismno, features: Neoclassicism 1Intermitted opposed to reason and tastes clasicos.Por contrast, the expression is reevaluated for the sentimientos.2Se inspiration in Edad.Med. And not in the era it became fashionable clasica.Asi the historical novel of medieval and Gothic forms were recovered in architecture (Gothic).
3The imposed a new vision of the world and the human being, affirming the upremacia of imagination, fantasy and what creativ.Sobre and demanding greater academic freedom from normas.La architecture was inspired by East and medieval styles. In painting boxes appear much mov. And senti.Extremos and passionate and often introduce issues orientales.Destaca the work of Delacroix French (freedom gaining in town), and Gericault (Raft of the Medusa) of British and Spanish Turner Federico de Madrazo, author of perez fine portraits and Villamil, great paisajista.El romant.Afecto all stressed artes.En literature writers like Lord Byron, who died fighting for Greece and idepen.De Walter Scott and Victor Hugo.En music, Beethoven marked a break between classicism and romanticism, and writers were fully Romantic Brahms, Schubert and Chopin.