Health Concerns: Diet, BMI, Diseases & More
Importance of a Balanced Diet
A varied diet ensures that the alimentation is balanced and contains all necessary nutrients. Corn, potatoes, and vegetables must be the basis of the alimentation.
Life Expectancy
Life expectancy is the average damage that a person is expected to live. Life expectancy can change throughout a person’s life.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index (BMI) is the ratio between a person’s weight (in kilograms) and height (in meters squared). The value obtained is not constant but varies with age and sex. It also depends on other factors, such as the proportions of muscle and adipose tissue.
Death in Spain
The distribution of a population suffering illnesses and the causes of their mortality. Deaths in the UK are due to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and accidents, including traffic accidents.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Those that are transmitted by sexual contact; AIDS and hepatitis B are involved with anal, vaginal, or oral sex. Another route of transmission may be through body fluids, such as with blood transfusions.
- Bacteria: Gonorrhea, Syphilis.
- Viruses: Human Papillomavirus, Hepatitis B, Herpes, AIDS.
- Parasites: Scabies.
Alzheimer’s Disease
A neurodegenerative disease with no cure, it leads to progressive loss of memory. It is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. It occurs due to a loss of brain neurons caused by the accumulation of beta-amyloid protein. The causes are unclear, but some people have a genetic predisposition. It is known that the presence of certain forms of the APOE protein increases the risk of suffering from Alzheimer’s in a small percentage of those affected. Many other external factors are active in the development of the disease.
Pregnancy
A pregnancy test is a device that detects the presence in the urine of the hormone chorionic gonadotropin, a glycoprotein that is synthesized in placental cells from the early days of pregnancy, which is known as hCG. Chorionic gonadotropin aims to maintain the functionality of the corpus luteum. HCG is the basis of the current diagnosis of pregnancy. hCG is excreted in the urine and produces a color change in the test device, and this change appears as bands or colored spots. The corpus luteum is the portion of the endocrine system that is responsible for the secretion of progesterone during the first quarter of pregnancy. The corpus luteum is a yellow mass located in the ovary and formed from the Graafian follicle immediately after the ovum comes out of the follicle, which occurs during ovulation.
Contraception
Condoms are the safest method and avoid sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Fertilization and pregnancy: fertilization only refers to the fact that the spermatozoon has penetrated inside the ovum, and pregnancy is a process that begins at the time that the fertilized ovum implants in the endometrium (the inner lining of the uterus).
Anorexia
Now, an early age of onset. Because the patient usually begins gradually, making him/her feel fat because he/she always looks oily or greasy. He/she decides to eat the minimum. The patient’s weight is usually lower, and their BMI is less than 16 kg/m2. Other diseases that are often suffered are depression and obsessive disorder. The anorexic person avoids food. Always discusses fasting. Usually presents amenorrhea, meaning no menstruation for months. Often introduced hyperactivity. Risk factors are parental dependence, difficulties becoming independent, sociosexual isolation, etc. The patient will change the texture of their hair, it will become rougher, and it also falls out.
Bulimia
It involves some great tips to eat and then vomit because you voluntarily feel a sense of guilt. Also, use laxatives and diuretics. The age of onset of this disease is rather late. The patient’s weight can be normal, high, or low. Bulimia can occur associated with a personality disorder, kleptomania, etc. Amenorrhea may occur occasionally, as well as hyperactivity.
Obesity
When a person has a BMI greater than 40kg/m2, they are considered to be affected by obesity; there are 3 types. Obesity is a serious disease in itself, but it also acts by causing or aggravating other diseases: hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes. Sometimes, the only option is to resort to bariatric surgery, which involves reducing the capacity of the stomach using different techniques.