Group Dynamics and Leadership Styles in Social Psychology
Group Dynamics
“Joint actions unite people in a common purpose and are regulated by negotiation, where conflict is something natural.” All groups have a purpose (imposed, selected, etc.) and negotiation (explicit, implicit, e.g., regulation put in place, but negotiated out of how hard it is). The difference in different groups is knowing which problems are solved and should be seen, and not others.
Stages of Group Development (according to M. Foil)
1. Orientation
Phase full of questions (are there rules, how will people be in the group, will they accept me as I am, what should I do, what values will there be, etc.), the second group selection is not the same.
Leaders (teachers) should give a pleasant climate, answer questions, inspire confidence, how the classes present them, etc. (which need not be any verbal, you can do activities).
2. Establishment of Standards
Some sets of rules spontaneously, others to establish what we have to do, which are consistent. They must understand and perform only to get efficiency from a group.
What is positive when sections are established:
- Ensuring stability – each group member feels responsible for running the group; sense (to me and not the environment)
- Develop the capacity to respond to others – learn to listen to others and respect it or reject it
- The degree of cooperation between people form the group – the more cooperation, the less competition. Since it always works best. They have what has happened
- Make decisions according – and group cohesion increases, all of this is, and nobody should be spoken out. All feel their views are valuable
- Groups always work well when they cover needs and pleasure, through cohesion, get your point across
- The purpose – have the ability to confront problems
3. Conflict Resolution
When you have a problem that solutions have made all the steps of the previous phase. There are groups that never reach this.
4. Efficiency
When capable of solving all that we have said, the group is considered efficient.
5. Final Phase
When the group ends.
Group Dynamics
Maisonveure (85) “It is an interesting discipline for all of the processes and components that appear in the life of a group.”
Born in the United States for 30 years, some of the theories of Gestalt (current psychological).
Kurt Lowen, a pioneer of the dynamics of the group, is considered the founder of modern social psychology. The techniques developed for dynamics aim to join the group to perform the tasks effectively, by definition, coordination, clarification of roles, and the assignment that regulates the internal life of a group.
What it tries in the background is changing attitudes and behaviors that help us solve problematic situations.
How to Evaluate a Group
Assess the situation of the group; what I’ll try and be reliable, as objectively as possible (because there are scientific instruments). This set of techniques is examined within sociology. Within sociology is sociometry (which is the measure of the degree of sociability). The sociogram is an instrument that is a measure of the interrelationships of members of a group.
We can analyze:
- Individuals that are in that group (and their attitudes and actions)
- The group as it resolves conflicts, what degree of commitment, degree of cooperation, etc.
- Type of relationships between individuals, between this and other groups, between each individual and groups in general, between the group and other general, etc.
- Context that is immersed in that group (the same would not sit in Ciudadela, for example)
- Goals that group has scored and how it is getting them
Role
Role, which is an individual’s position within the group. Were linked to the nature or the circumstances.
Type Roles – Benne and Sheater:
- Roles related to tasks, functions to bring ideas, information, coordination
- Roles concerning the maintenance of the life of a group – maintain the morale of the group, always the mediator, protector, observers raised the group’s inspiration.
- Individual roles.
Definition of a Leader
A charismatic person. Its ability to attract, mobilize a group. We can disturb many definitions of a leader.
- Usually a little higher physically
- Were a little smarter, in theory
- Enthusiastic
- People generally have confidence and are participatory themselves
Leadership Styles
Different styles can be used at a time according to your goal. The first is clear, authoritarian, because you are the one who commands (you can disagree). The styles are democratic, which work best when each person works alone.
1. Authoritarian
More than orders the rest of the leaders. Abort the proposals of the group (cut the lead, not supporting the initiatives of people). They usually have many criticisms, they praise too.
Benefits and Disadvantages
There are aggressive people is + dependent + are individual observations.
There is discontent, not clear and people do not express 2.DEMOCRÀTIC fan suggestions, go in command of so many. Enhance the group k is authoritarian, self-best, k there is an atmosphere of communication, confidence, joy and conduct are not authoritarian. Intense k yourself be aware of when doing well– Benefits and drawbacks
There are spontaneous x + interest tasks, even when there is Liden, and the comments tend to be more group 3. PASSAEZ faire trying to encourage people s’autorreguli k, self-. They have an advisory role of x do not intervene unless necessary. K x group wants to work himself. – Benefits and drawbacks situations less organized and less efficient. + Time is being wasted, and the work is of lower quality. It depends on the level of maturity of a group. The k time is very brand group tmb