Glossary of Road Terms and Definitions
A
Access to Property/Installation:
Direct access to a property or installation from the road without using designated connections or public roads.
Shoulder:
A paved longitudinal strip along the roadside, adjacent to the roadway, not intended for use by motor vehicles except in exceptional circumstances.
Road Modernization:
Road improvement work affecting the cross-section, plan, or elevation.
Design Year:
The year for which predictable road traffic should be projected.
B
Barrier, Safety:
A vehicle restraint system used on the margins and medians of roads.
Berm:
A longitudinal strip, paved or unpaved, between the outer edge of the curb or shoulder and the slope.
Bifurcation:
A section where a road divides into two other roads without prioritizing either.
Pumping:
Cross-sections in the platform line.
C
Roadway:
The part of the road intended for vehicle movement, composed of a certain number of lanes.
Farm Road:
A road primarily designed for access to rural properties, with traffic predominantly consisting of tractors and farm equipment.
Service Road:
A road built as an auxiliary or complementary to the specific activities of the owners.
Circumvallation:
A road that surrounds the whole or part of a population, linking it to the inflow.
Conventional Road:
Roads that do not have the characteristics of expressways and highways.
Mountain Road:
A road that runs through very rugged terrain with limited traffic or a very specific use (tourism, sports, etc.).
Urban Road:
Roads of any kind significantly used by urban traffic and generating direct environmental impacts on the urban environment. These roads cross or pass near or close to urban areas that are sufficiently significant, consolidated, or planned for urban planning.
Lane:
A longitudinal strip into which the roadway can be divided.
Confluence:
A section where two lanes converge into one without prioritizing either.
Transition Wedge:
A triangular-shaped widening of the carriageway that allows a gradual transition from the normal width of the carriageway on the main road to the full width of the deceleration lane and a convergence over the full width of the acceleration lane to the normal width of the carriageway on the main road.
Horizontal Curve Agreement:
A curve in plan that facilitates the gradual transition from a straight line to a circular curve or between two circular curves with different radii.
Vertical Curve Agreement:
An elevation curve linking two different slopes.
D
Dismount:
The part of the ground beneath the original ground.
Overtaking Distance:
The distance required for a vehicle to overtake another vehicle traveling more slowly in the presence of a third vehicle traveling in the opposite direction.
Crossing Distance:
The length of road that must be visible to the driver of a vehicle seeking to cross that road (via preference).
Stopping Distance:
The total distance traveled by a vehicle forced to stop as quickly as possible, from its location at the moment it receives the object or obstacle that prompted its stop. This includes the distance traveled during the perception, reaction, and braking times.
Road Duplication:
The modernization of a highway by building another road separate from the existing one, with each road designated for a single direction of movement.
E
Element of Route:
An alignment in plan or elevation defined by constant geometric characteristics throughout its length. The following elements are considered: plan (straight, circular curve, and transition curve) and elevation (parabolic and agreement).
F
Horizontal Alignment:
The line that defines the layout in plan or elevation of a road and refers to a certain point in its cross-section.
Interchange:
An area where two or more roads cross at different levels, including the branches that vehicles can use to change from one road to another.
Platform Widening:
The modernization of a highway by widening its cross-section while taking advantage of the existing platform.
Right-of-Way:
The area of land actually occupied by the road where the original ground has been altered.
Pavement:
The set of layers made with selected and generally treated materials that form the superstructure of the platform, resist traffic loads, and allow for safe and comfortable circulation.
G
Roundabout:
An intersection arranged in a ring (usually circular) with a single direction of circulation.
H
Highways:
Roads specially designed, constructed, and marked for exclusive automobile traffic, with the following characteristics: a) no access to adjacent properties; b) no crossing at any other road, railway, or tramway, or being crossed at-grade; c) consisting of different roadways for each direction of traffic, separated from each other, except at special points or temporarily, by a median strip not intended for circulation.
I
Intensity at Time 150:
Traffic intensity that, ranked from high to low, is ranked 150th in an hour-by-hour ordering over a year.
Intensity at Project Time:
The number of vehicles per hour that should be able to use the projected road in the design year with the established level of service.
Average Daily Traffic (ADT):
The total number of vehicles that pass a cross-section of the road in one year, divided by the number of days in a year.
Intersection:
An area common to two or more roads that meet or intersect at the same level, including branches that vehicles can use.
L
Level of Service:
A qualitative measure describing the traffic flow conditions, usually described as a function of factors such as speed, travel time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions, comfort, convenience, and safety.
M
Median:
A longitudinal strip located between two separate platforms, not intended for circulation.
Nose:
The area common to two platforms, between the section that separates the roadways and the section where the separate platforms join.
N
Node:
An area where two or more roads intersect. Nodes are classified into intersections and interchanges.
New Road Section:
The result of the construction of a new road or the duplication of an existing roadway.
O
Median Opening:
An interruption in the physical separation between the two directions of traffic on a divided highway, facilitating communication between them in individual cases of emergency.
P
Slope:
The inclination of the ground downwards in the forward direction.
Superelevation:
The transverse tilt of the platform on curved sections.
Platform:
The area of the road intended for vehicle use, formed by the roadway, shoulders, and paved berms.
Parapet:
A vehicle restraint system, similar to barriers, but specifically designed for the edges of the deck of spanning structures, berm crowns, and similar works.
Period Works:
The area of the platform common to a two-way section and the section where the platforms join.
R
Branch:
A road connecting roads that meet at a node to allow for various vehicle movements.
Weaving:
A maneuver in which two traffic flows along the same lines intersect.
S
Sidewalk:
Gaza road longitudinal, elevated or not, intended to pedestrian traffic. Acondicionamiento d traced: the work of road modernization of q affects the cross section, its plan or elevation. Year horizon year for which traffic should be projected predictable road. Shoulder: Gaza longitudinal paved road adjacent to the not intended for use by motor vehicles in circintancias mas q exceptional.Highways: Roads q are specially designed, constructed and marked as such for the exclusive automobile traffic and have the following characteristics: a) not having access to the same properties colindantes.b) Do not cross at any other way, via, line rail or tram, or be crossed by road level, communication or via easement alguna.c) Consisting of different roads for each direction of traffic, separated from each other, except at special points or temporarily, by a strip of not intended for circulation or in exceptional cases otrom means. Autovias: Crreteras q do not meet all requirements of the highways have separate lanes for each direction of movement and restriction of access to properties at colindantes.No cross any other path, via, rail and tram line or level to be crossed via communication path or any easement. Safety barrier. Vehicle restraint system used in the margins and of roads. Berm: longitudinal Gaza, stated or not, between the outer edge of the curb or shoulder and slope bifurcation: tranche q divides a road other two without prioritizing them. Pumping: Pte cross sections in the platform line. Calzada: Part of the road for the movement of vehicles, is composed of a certain number of lanes. Camino Farm: Slipway desined primarily for access to rural properties, and traffic is predominantly cuto of tractors and farm equipment.Road Service: built as an auxiliary or complementary to the specific activities of the owners. circunvalaciÃn C: q surrounds the whole or part of a population, linking it flow into q, c conventional. q Are not be characteristic expressways and highways vr. mountain roads. road that runs through very rugged terrain with a traffic Redoubt or functionality is a very specific use (TOURISM, sports …) C. Urban: Those q, q any kind whatsoever , are used significantly by urban traffic and generate direct environmental impacts on urban environment issues cross or pass near or close to urban areas are sufficiently significant, consolidated or planned for urban planning.lane: Gaza longitudinal q can be divided into the roadway. Confluence: tranche q 2 lanes converge into one, without prioritizing them. Wedge transition: widening of the carriageway, triangular-shaped gap allows a gradual transition of normal width of the carriageway on the main street to full width of the deceleration lane and a convergence over the full width of the acceleration lane to the normal width of the carriageway on the main street. C according Horizontal Curve q q plant facilitates the gradual transition from a straight line to a circular curve or between two different radio circular curves. C vertical agreement:Elevation curve linking two different tilt flush. Dismount: Part of the ground beneath the original ground. Overtaking distance: Distance required to q a can overtake another vh q cicrcula more slowly in the presence of a third party circulates q opposite direction. Distancoa crossing: q Length of road to be seen by the driver of a q vh seeks through this road (via preference) Stopping distance: Total distance traveled by a vh forced to stop as quickly as possible, as from its location in the momneto to receive the object or obstacle q prompted his detention. Includes the distance traveled during the time of perception, reaction and braking.Duplication of road: work of modernization of a highway consisting of building another separate from the existing road, to target each of them a unique sense of movement. Traceroute Element: Alignment in plan or elevation q is defined by geometric characteristics constant Throughout it considers the following elements: floor (straight, curved and circular transition curve and elevation: parabolic ground and agreement.
H: Line q defines the layout in plan or elevation of a road and q refers to a certain point in its cross section. Link: Area, q 2 or more roads cross at different levels, and the branches are included q q vh can be used for movement of change from a road to another.Widening platform: the work of modernization of a highway broad cross-section q so q take advantage of the existing platform. Explanation: Area of land actually occupied by the road in the q has changed the original ground. Firme: Set layers performed with selected materials and generally treated q is the superstructure of the platform, resists traffic loads and allows the circulation q takes place safely and comfortably. Glorieta: Intersection arranged in a ring (usually circular) being unique meaning circulation of the same. intensity in time 150. traffic intensity q, in rank from high to low intensity, is ranked 150 in a hour by hour ordination over a year.I at the time of project: Number of hourly vh q should be able to use the road q is projected horizon year with the level of service established for the time q is established. IMD: Total number of q vh spend one year in A cross section of the road, divided by the number of days a year. Intersection: Area common to two or more roads meet or q intersect at the same level and include branches q q can use vehicles with impairments in its SITEMA braking. Medium: longitudinal Strip located between two separate platforms, not intended for circulation. Nose area common to two-way platform, between the section that separates the roadway and the section on separate platforms q .Service level: qualitative measure, describing the conditions of circulation of a stream of traffic, usually described as a function of factors such as speed, travel time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions, comfort and convenience, and security. Node: Area in which two or more roads intersect. are classified into intersections and links. New stretch of road: the result of the construction of a new road or the duplication of an existing roadway. Pass Medium: Interruption in the physical separation between the two directions of traffic lanes of a road separate, q facilitates communication between both in individual cases of emergency.Slope: slope of the ground down in the forward direction. Peralte: transverse tilt of the platform on curved sections. Platform: Area road for the use of cehiculos formed by the roadway, the shoulders and berms affirmed . Pretil: Vehicle restraint system, similar to the barriers, but specifically designed to edges of the board of spanning structures, berms coronations and similar works, period. area of common platform between a 2-way section at q platforms and join the section where they join roads. Ramal: Via connecting roads that meet in a knot to allow for the various movements of the vh.Twisted, maneuver in which two traffic flows along the same lines intersect. Variation of population: the work of modernization of a highway that affects their design and as a result of which is avoided or substitutes a voyage or urban section. Alternative-design : Artwork Carrretera modernization of a plant or changing their standard path to a total length of over 10 km. V specifies: Maxima q speed can be maintained over a layout element considered in isolation concidicones safety, comfort, when we found the wet pavement and tires in good condition, weather, and traffic laws, are such q does not impose limitations on the speed.
Go from planning a tranche (V): harmonic mean of the rates specific to plant molded homogeneous stretches longer than 2km.
V to draft a tranche: Speed that defines the minimum geometrical characteristics of the elements comdiciones molded for comfort and safety. Disribuidora collector Via: Calzada unique sense of movement, substantially parallel to the main road and physically separated from her own object is independent from the main road q conflict areas originate in installments consecutive entries and exits very proximas.En branches connecting any case serves the property and adjacent buildings .. fast track. Carr a road and sun total limitation of access to adjacent properties. The roads do not cross at any other way, via, rail and tram line or will be crossed by road level, via communication or any easement.Service Via Path substantially parallel to a road on which secondary character is connected to this q only in places serving the property or buildings contiguos.Puede be one-way or two-way movement. Via Urban: Any q compose the internal communications network of a population, provided q no question of crossings or part of an arterial network. adelant Vis. Distance q exists along the lane in the same q is performed between the q vh Na MAKES overtaking maneuver and position of the q vh circulates in the opposite direction at the moment q can see, not q then disappear from view until the end of overtaking. Vis crossing: Distance q needs to see the driver of vh to Another way to cross trayectoriamedida q intersects its axis to lard your lane.Vis stop. Distance along a lane between an obstacle q located on the roadway and the position of a q vh flows into the obstacle, in the absence of intermediate vh, at the time can see no q q then disappear from view until the same.