Glossary of Financial Terms
Income
Ingresos – Payment for goods or services, or from rents or investments.
Needs
Necesidades – The things you must have for a satisfactory life.
Asset
Activo – A useful or valuable thing or person.
Liability
Pasivo – The state of being legally responsible for something.
Wealth
Riqueza – An abundance of valuable possessions or money.
Deficit
Déficit – Amount missing from income to balance with expenditure.
Surplus
Excedente – More than what is needed or used; excess.
Pension Plan
Plan de Pensiones – An arrangement made with an employer to pay money to an employee after retirement.
Obligations of the State
Obligaciones del Estado – They are securities issued by the treasury to a period exceeding two years.
Eurosystem
Eurosistema – Is the monetary authority of the Eurozone.
Eurozone
Zona Euro – The economic region formed by those member countries of the European Union that have adopted the euro.
Liquidity
Liquidez – The availability of liquid assets to a market or company.
Profitability
Rentabilidad – The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.
ICO Lines
Líneas ICO – An initial offering of a cryptocurrency to the public.
Legal Representative or Proxy
Representante Legal o Apoderado – Someone who acts officially for someone who has died.
ATM
Cajero Automático – Is an electronic telecommunications device that enables customers of financial institutions to perform financial transactions, cash…
Cashier Service
Servicio de Caja – A person whose job is to receive and pay out money in a shop, bank…
Online Banking
Banca en Línea – The process or activity of managing bank accounts or operating as a bank over the internet.
Guarantor
Avalista – A person who makes certain that something happens or that something is protected.
Lender
Prestamista – Someone or something that lends money, especially a large financial organization such as a bank.
Borrower
Prestatario – A person or organization that borrows something, especially money from a bank.
Euribor
Euribor – The rate of interest used by the main European banks when they lend money to each other in euros.
Debit Card
Tarjeta de Débito – A small plastic card that can be used as a method of payment.
Credit Card
Tarjeta de Crédito – A small plastic card that can be used as a method of payment, the money being taken from you at a later time.
Foreign Currency
Moneda Extranjera – Money from a country that is not your own.
Simple Capitalization
Capitalización Simple – Means to make one or more letters uppercase.
Business Year
Año Comercial – Year with 360 days.
Civil Year
Año Civil – Year with 365 days.
Loan Shark
Prestamista – A person who charges very large amounts of money for lending money to someone.
Principal or Present Value
Principal o Valor Actual – Of a bond is calculated by discounting the bond’s future cash payments by the current market interest rate.
Amount or Accumulated Value
Importe o Valor Acumulado – The value of an investment at a particular time, which includes all the increase in its value and any interest it has earned.
Simple Discounting
Descuento Simple – A financial operation whose purpose is the substitution of a future capital by an equivalent capital with a present maturity, by means of the application of the simple discount financial law.
Proceeds
Producto de la Venta – Money obtained from an event or activity.
Net Value
Valor Neto – The value of the assets in a company, an estate or an investment portfolio after accounting for all liabilities.
Deferred Payment
Pago Aplazado – Temporary postponement of the payment of an outstanding bill or debt, usually involving repayment by installments.
Bill of Exchange Remittances
Remesas de Letras de Cambio – A bill of exchange is a written order used primarily in international trade that binds one party to pay a fixed sum of money to another party on demand or at a predetermined date.
Maturity
Madurez – The quality or state of being mature.
Credit Balance
Saldo Acreedor – An amount of money you have in a bank account.
Debit Balance
Saldo Deudor – An amount of money in a bank account, etc. which is less than zero because more money was taken out of it than the total amount that was paid into it.
Debit an Account
Débito en una Cuenta – A bank account which allows you to buy goods or services with money that you have put into the account.
Deposit an Account
Deposite una Cuenta en – A bank account that pays interest and is usually not able to be drawn on without notice or loss of interest.
Overdrafts or in the Red
Sobregiros o en Rojo
Compound Capitalization
Capitalización Compuesta – Composed of two or more ingredients.
External Financing
Financiamiento Externo – Money obtained from outside investors and lenders and not from a firm’s internal reserves.
Quadrimestral Period
Período Cuatrimestral
Quarter
Trimestre – Divide into four equal or corresponding parts.
Amortization Installment
Cuota de Amortización – An act or instance of amortizing a debt or other obligation.
Early Repayment
Amortización Anticipada
To Prepay
Para Pagar por Adelantado – Pay for in advance.