Fundamental Concepts and Production Methods of Global Energy Sources
∆Q=mc∆T,E=hν=hc/λ,For wind(p=1/2xroxAv*3),For Hyrdro(p=ηroVgh),solar energy= irradiance x area x time.
(1Btu=1055J,1 year=3.15×10*7s,1kWh=3.6×10*6J,c(w)
=4184Jkg-1C-1,1ev=1.6×10*-19J,h=6.625×10*-34Js)
What are the main characteristic of fossil fuels?
Ans: Fossil fuels stored a large amount of chemical energy which is converted into
various other forms of energy by burning them.
How does wind power generate electricity?
Ans: – Electricity is generated by using a wind turbine.
Wind turbine consists of rotar blades, shoft, turbine and electric generator.Wind first hit the blades of turbine causing them rotate and turn the turbine connected to them.The rotating shaft of turbine which is connected to generator turn the generator.The generator converts the rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy.Thus, the electricity is produced.
Why are wind and solar energies more popular than ocean energy?
Ans:-Energies can be generated conveniently and construction of these facilities for ocean energy sources are difficult to built in sea and costly and efficient commercial exploitation is difficult. Therefor,e wind and solar energies are more popular.
What type of working fluids do closed-cycle ocean thermal energy conversion system is used?
A volatile liquid (eg. Ammonia) having very low boiling point (v-33.34°C) are used in ocean thermal energy conversion system.
What is the geothermal energy?
Geothermal energy is a type of renewable energy taken from the earth scare (intemal heat of the earth) and it is one of the natural sources of heat.
How does geothermal heat get from the interior of the earth to the surface?
Cooled water is pumped into the heated rocks in the ground through a deep well and permeated.
Water tum into steam by extremely hot rocks. Then the steam is risen up onto the surface through another pipe.
By this way geothermal get heat energy from the interior of the earth.
Can we generate electricity from waterfall by using turbine-generator? If it is possible, what are the necessary conditions?
Ans: Yes we can generate electricity.The necessary conditions are, fall has suitable elvation difference called head, falling water has quite enough speed an strength all the time to rotate turbine to produce the electricity of required voltage.Complete facility is needed contained sutible turbine-generator, penstock and transformer etc.
Why is the geothermal energy considered as a renewable resource?
Ans:Geothermal energy is taken from magma. Magma is extermely hot liquid and semi-liquid rock located under earth’s surface and their life span is same to that of the earth.
Thermal energy always available. Therefore geothermal energy can be consider as a renewable resources.
How is geothermal electricity produced?
Ans: Water is heated by magma in the earth’s core and is changed into steam. The steam flowing out on to the surface through the steam pipe.
The turbine-generator is driven by pressurized steam. Thus geothermal electricity is produced.
What are the advantage of geothermal energy compared to other energy?
Ans:The advantages are: sustainable (long lasting), reliable (can be constantly produced) clean (silent, minimal environmental impact, does not emit green house gas).