Fundamental Civil, Social, and Economic Rights

Posted on Dec 9, 2024 in Law & Jurisprudence

Civil Rights

  • Article 43: The right to life is inviolable.
  • Article 44: Personal liberty is inviolable.
  • Article 45: The enforced disappearance of persons by public authorities is prohibited.
  • Article 46: Everyone has the right to respect for their physical integrity.
  • Article 47: The home and any private premise are inviolable. They may only be searched with a warrant.
  • Article 48: The secrecy and inviolability of private communications in all its forms are guaranteed.
  • Article 49: Due process applies to all judicial proceedings.
  • Article 50: Any person may travel freely throughout the country by any means.
  • Article 51: Everyone has the right to petition or make representations before any authority.
  • Article 52: Everyone has the right to associate for lawful purposes, in accordance with the law.
  • Article 53: Everyone has the right to meet publicly or privately, without prior permission.
  • Article 54: No person shall be subjected to slavery or servitude.
  • Article 55: Everyone is entitled to protection by the State through the security organs.
  • Article 56: Everyone has the right to a proper name, the surname of his father and mother.
  • Article 57: Everyone has the right to freely express their thoughts.
  • Article 58: Communication is free and plural, and involves the duties and responsibilities prescribed by law.
  • Article 59: The State guarantees freedom of religion and worship. Everyone has the right to profess their religious faith.
  • Article 60: Everyone is entitled to the protection of his honor, privacy, intimacy, and self-image.
  • Article 61: Everyone has the right to freedom of conscience.

Political Rights

  • Article 62: All citizens have the right to participate freely in public affairs.
  • Article 63: Voting is a right. It shall be exercised through free, universal elections.
  • Article 64: All voters 18 years of age are eligible to vote.
  • Article 65: Those who have been convicted are not eligible for any elective office.
  • Article 66: The voters are entitled to have their representatives held accountable to the public.
  • Article 67: All citizens have the right to associate for political purposes.
  • Article 68: Citizens have the right to demonstrate peacefully and without arms.
  • Article 69: Right of asylum and refuge.
  • Article 70: They are means of participation and involvement of people in the exercise of their sovereignty.
  • Article 71: Matters of special national transcendence may be subject to a consultative referendum on the initiative of the President.
  • Article 72: All magistrates and other offices elected by popular vote are revocable.
  • Article 73: Bills under discussion by the National Assembly will be submitted to a referendum.

Social Rights and Families

  • Article 75: The State shall protect the natural association of families and society.
  • Article 76: Motherhood and fatherhood are fully protected.
  • Article 77: Marriage between a man and a woman is protected.
  • Article 78: Children and adolescents are full subjects of the law and protected by law.
  • Article 79: Young men and women have the right and duty to be active in the development process.
  • Article 80: The State shall guarantee to elderly men and women the full exercise of their rights and guarantees.
  • Article 81: Every person with disabilities or special needs is entitled to the full realization of their potential.
  • Article 82: Everyone has the right to adequate housing that is safe, convenient, and hygienic.
  • Article 83: Health is a fundamental social right.
  • Article 84: To guarantee the right to health, the State creates and exercises guidance.
  • Article 85: The financing of the national public health system is a State obligation.
  • Article 86: Everyone has the right to social security as a public service non-profit.
  • Article 87: Everyone has the right to work and the duty to work.
  • Article 88: The State guarantees equality and equity between men and women in the exercise of the right to work.
  • Article 89: Work is a social right and shall enjoy the protection of the state.
  • Article 90: The working hours shall not exceed eight hours per day or forty-four hours a week.
  • Article 91: All workers are entitled to a wage sufficient to enable them to live with dignity.
  • Article 92: All workers are entitled to social benefits to compensate them.
  • Article 93: The law ensures job security provisions as appropriate to limit all forms of dismissal.
  • Article 94: The law shall determine the responsibility that falls on the individual.
  • Article 95: Working men and women have the right to organize without discrimination and without prior authorization.
  • Article 96: All workers in the public and private sectors have the right to collective bargaining.
  • Article 97: All workers of the public and private sectors have the right to strike.

Educational and Cultural Rights

  • Article 98: Cultural creation is free. This freedom includes the right to invest.
  • Article 99: Cultural values are an inalienable right of the Venezuelan people.
  • Article 100: The folk cultures comprising the Venezuelan identity enjoy special attention.
  • Article 101: The State guarantees the issuance, receipt, and transmission of cultural information.
  • Article 102: Education is a human right and a fundamental social duty.
  • Article 103: Everyone has the right to comprehensive education.
  • Article 104: Education will be provided by persons of recognized morality.
  • Article 105: The law determines the professions requiring a degree.
  • Article 106: Any natural or legal person, upon proof of their ability, may engage in educational activities.
  • Article 107: Environmental education is compulsory in the levels and types of education systems.
  • Article 108: The media, public and private, should contribute to citizenship education.
  • Article 109: The State shall recognize the principle of university autonomy, which allows teachers to exercise their functions freely.
  • Article 110: The State shall recognize the public interest in science and technology.
  • Article 111: Everyone has the right to sport and recreation as activities that benefit the quality of life.

Economic Rights

  • Article 112: All persons may freely engage in the economic activity of their choice.
  • Article 113: Monopolies are not allowed.
  • Article 114: Economic crime, speculation, and hoarding are punishable by law.
  • Article 115: The right to property is guaranteed.
  • Article 116: Confiscations of property are not ordered and carried out except in cases permitted by this Constitution.
  • Article 117: Everyone has the right to dispose of goods and quality services.
  • Article 118: The right of workers to form and join labor organizations is recognized.

Rights of Indigenous Peoples

  • Article 119: The State recognizes the existence of indigenous peoples and communities.
  • Article 120: The use of natural resources in indigenous habitats by the State shall be done in consultation with the affected communities.
  • Article 121: Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and develop their ethnic and cultural identity.
  • Article 122: Indigenous peoples have the right to comprehensive health care that considers their practices and cultures.
  • Article 123: Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and promote their own economic practices.