Francoist Spain: Ideology, Social Support, and Evolution
Creation of the Francoist State
Ideological Foundations and Social Supports
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Since the triumph Franco after the civil war many historians have discussed the characteristics of the Franco regime and their similarities and differences with other contemporary dictatorships. All agreed to establish key features as: the lack of incorporation (although over the years will produce a cumulative process of basic laws: the fundamental laws), the absence of political parties, the concentration of power in the hands of one person as was the ex-general, the legislative power to the head of state to issue legal norms and the existence of political families. Around the different forces to be established or political families: phalanx, Catholics, and Carlist monarchists, the technocrats of Opus Dei and the military. The end of the war meant the end of violence. The new political system was based on a division between winners and losers. The more rigorous studies say they were 500 000 violent deaths occurred during the civil war and its aftermath. Another key element was the Republican exile (450,000 people), this loss was a major demographic: a young and active population, which included a large part of the most prepared of the country: the elite scientific, literary and artistic works. The state of war ended in 1948, censorship was imposed 1estricta and pursued any kind of political dissent, religious or ideological. Without a clearly defined ideology, Franco started the role of arbiter in them. Ramon Serrano Suner in 1939 launched the scheme following the fascism of the Italian model. Based on phalanx approving the statutes of FET de las JONS, was entrusted to the University Students’ Union and its youth organization, youth front, the indoctrination of youth and imposed an economic policy inspired by the Italian corporatism. It was a failed project, because the rest of the families opposed the regime’s fascist regime configuration. The monarchists and most thought the military but in the restoration of monarkia. Luis Carrero Blanco, Franco always helps, which I try to maintain good relations with the Monark supporters of Don Juan de Borbon as the future king (k aware of the great power they had within the army and administration) being willing to dialogue. However, the decanting of the pretender to democratic positions n the manifesto of Lausanne (March 1945) the relationship soured even more. For its part, the anarchists and the Communists began guerrilla operations in the north against the Franco regime. Despite all these problems, Franco was able to shape institutional rules by Jurisdiction of
the Spanish Succession and the Law, by coating the regime of a false image of democracy. was left to speak of the Falange as a party to encompass the more general acceptation of the Movement. Franco’s Falange proposed approval of a law k fixate his ideas. Franco was reluctant, the church hierarchy and the monarchists are opposed. the situation became untenable, frank replaced 12 of his 18 ministers in the 57. in the new government was given the phalanx side and embodied the power of Opus Dei. after the defeat of the phalanx proyektos, Laureano Lopez Rodo (Opus Dei numerary) was responsible for the institutionalization of the regime .. Law 1proyecto presented the legal status of the State Administration k was based on purely administrative and the Law of Motion, was so generic k q was unlike fascistizadores initial projects.in foreign policy, after the start of the 2nd World War on 1 September of ’39, the new state supported Germany and Italy led to consider the entry nl conflict. September 4 is declared neutral xro En Serrano pressed x ls dl Italian Fascist leader cnsiguio 1rectificacion favor of “no-war”. then there was a meeting between Franco and Hitler at Hendaye the October 23, 1940 to discuss the terms of the collaboration, xro not reach any agreement. esp at the end of the war will not start xro if the Blue Division against the Soviets. increasing British and American pressure imposed a gradual correction of the foreign policy frankist, on Oct 43, frank again proclaimed its neutrality. Was denied entry to the United Nations En and the regime was ostracized. XRA offset l ostracism is trying to strengthen relations with Latin American countries. the emergence of communist dictatorships in Eastern Europe began the Cold War. ostracism began to erode. K 1acercamiento U.S. began materialized in the integrated k 3acuerdos Madrid Pact of negotiations with the Vatican 53.las fruited in signing the Concordat of 53 August, the church recognized shortly after the State Esp Esp and France granted independence to their areas of Morocco. at the end of the 57 incidents occurred in Sidi Ifni x intervention quelled Spanish French Pacific territory k.